Phillips T D, Afriyie-Gyawu E, Williams J, Huebner H, Ankrah N-A, Ofori-Adjei D, Jolly P, Johnson N, Taylor J, Marroquin-Cardona A, Xu L, Tang L, Wang J-S
Department of VIBS-MS 4458, Texas A&M University, Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2008 Feb;25(2):134-45. doi: 10.1080/02652030701567467.
Innovative sorption strategies for the detoxification of aflatoxins have been developed. NovaSil clay (NS) has been shown to prevent aflatoxicosis in a variety of animals when included in their diet. Results have shown that NS clay binds aflatoxins with high affinity and high capacity in the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in a notable reduction in the bioavailability of these toxins without interfering with the utilization of vitamins and other micronutrients. This strategy is being evaluated as a potential remedy for acute aflatoxicosis, and as a sustainable human intervention for aflatoxins via the diet. Phase I and II clinical trials confirmed the apparent safety of NS for further study in humans. A recent study in Ghanaians at high risk for aflatoxicosis has indicated that NS (at a dose level of 0.25%) is effective in decreasing biomarkers of aflatoxin exposure and does not interfere with the levels of serum vitamins A and E, and iron and zinc. In summary, enterosorption strategies/therapies based on NS clay are promising for the management of aflatoxins and as a sustainable public health intervention. The NS clay remedy is novel, inexpensive and easily disseminated. Based on the present research, aflatoxin sequestering clays should be rigorously evaluated in vitro and in vivo, and should meet the following criteria: (1) favourable thermodynamic characteristics of mycotoxin sorption, (2) tolerable levels of priority metals, dioxins/furans and other hazardous contaminants, (3) safety and efficacy in multiple animal species, (4) safety and efficacy in long-term studies, and (5) negligible interactions with vitamins, iron and zinc and other micronutrients.
已开发出用于黄曲霉毒素解毒的创新吸附策略。研究表明，诺娃西尔黏土（NS）添加到各种动物的饮食中时，可预防黄曲霉毒素中毒。结果显示，NS黏土在胃肠道中以高亲和力和高容量结合黄曲霉毒素，使这些毒素的生物利用度显著降低，同时不影响维生素和其他微量营养素的利用。该策略正在作为急性黄曲霉毒素中毒的潜在治疗方法进行评估，并作为通过饮食对黄曲霉毒素进行可持续的人体干预措施。I期和II期临床试验证实了NS用于人体进一步研究的明显安全性。最近一项针对黄曲霉毒素中毒高风险加纳人的研究表明，NS（剂量水平为0.25%）可有效降低黄曲霉毒素暴露的生物标志物，且不影响血清维生素A、E以及铁和锌的水平。总之，基于NS黏土的肠吸附策略/疗法在黄曲霉毒素管理方面很有前景，并且可作为一种可持续的公共卫生干预措施。NS黏土疗法新颖、廉价且易于推广。基于目前的研究，黄曲霉毒素螯合黏土应在体外和体内进行严格评估，并应满足以下标准：（1）霉菌毒素吸附的有利热力学特性；（2）优先金属、二噁英/呋喃和其他有害污染物的可耐受水平；（3）在多种动物物种中的安全性和有效性；（4）长期研究中的安全性和有效性；（5）与维生素、铁、锌和其他微量营养素的相互作用可忽略不计。
