Swai A B, Kitange H M, McLarty D G, Kilima P M, Masuki G, Mtinangi B L, Alberti K G
Department of Medicine, Muhimbili Medical Centre, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Diabet Med. 1991 Apr;8(3):254-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1991.tb01581.x.
There is still controversy concerning the reference ranges for glucose tolerance tests in pregnancy. The WHO has recommended the universal use of the 75 g oral glucose load with 2-h post-load values of greater than 6.7 mmol l-1 to be considered impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in the non-pregnant, and equivalent to gestational diabetes in the pregnant. Some data are available for pregnant Caucasians but little information is available for other ethnic groups. Oral glucose tolerance tests (75 g) have therefore been performed in 189 pregnant women in rural Tanzania. Mean fasting blood glucose values were 4.0 mmol l-1 in non-pregnant women, and 3.7, 3.5, and 3.3 mmol l-1 in pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively. Two-hour OGTT values were 4.7 mmol l-1, and 4.6, 4.5, and 4.2 mmol l-1 while the upper limit of normal values (mean + 2SD) were 7.1 mmol l-1, and 6.8, 6.8, and 6.1 mmol l-1. The 2-h glucose levels are therefore close to WHO recommendations but lower than those reported for Caucasians. By contrast with reports for Caucasians, glucose tolerance did not deteriorate during pregnancy. The prevalence of diabetes and IGT was zero in the pregnant group.
关于孕期葡萄糖耐量试验的参考范围仍存在争议。世界卫生组织建议普遍采用75克口服葡萄糖负荷试验，非孕期负荷后2小时血糖值大于6.7毫摩尔/升被视为糖耐量受损（IGT），孕期则等同于妊娠期糖尿病。有一些关于白人孕妇的数据，但其他种族群体的信息很少。因此，对坦桑尼亚农村地区的189名孕妇进行了口服葡萄糖耐量试验（75克）。非孕妇的空腹血糖平均值为4.0毫摩尔/升，孕早期、孕中期和孕晚期孕妇的空腹血糖平均值分别为3.7、3.5和3.3毫摩尔/升。口服葡萄糖耐量试验2小时血糖值分别为4.7毫摩尔/升，以及4.6、4.5和4.2毫摩尔/升，而正常值上限（平均值 + 2标准差）分别为7.1毫摩尔/升，以及6.8、6.8和6.1毫摩尔/升。因此，2小时血糖水平接近世界卫生组织的建议，但低于白人的报告值。与白人的报告相反，孕期葡萄糖耐量并未恶化。孕妇组糖尿病和糖耐量受损的患病率为零。
