Parvez Faruque, Chen Yu, Brandt-Rauf Paul W, Bernard Alfred, Dumont Xavier, Slavkovich Vesna, Argos Maria, D'Armiento Jeanine, Foronjy Robert, Hasan M Rashidul, Eunus H E M Mahbubul, Graziano Joseph H, Ahsan Habibul
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Feb;116(2):190-5. doi: 10.1289/ehp.9507.
Arsenic from drinking water has been associated with malignant and nonmalignant respiratory illnesses. The association with nonmalignant respiratory illnesses has not been well established because the assessments of respiratory symptoms may be influenced by recall bias or interviewer bias because participants had visible skin lesions.
We examined the relationship of the serum level of Clara cell protein CC16--a novel biomarker for respiratory illnesses--with well As, total urinary As, and urinary As methylation indices.
We conducted a cross-sectional study in nonsmoking individuals (n = 241) selected from a large cohort with a wide range of As exposure (0.1-761 microg/L) from drinking water in Bangladesh. Total urinary As, urinary As metabolites, and serum CC16 were measured in urine and serum samples collected at baseline of the parent cohort study.
We observed an inverse association between urinary As and serum CC16 among persons with skin lesions (beta = -0.13, p = 0.01). We also observed a positive association between secondary methylation index in urinary As and CC16 levels (beta = 0.12, p = 0.05) in the overall study population; the association was stronger among people without skin lesions (beta = 0.18, p = 0.04), indicating that increased methylation capability may be protective against As-induced respiratory damage. In a subsample of study participants undergoing spirometric measures (n = 31), we observed inverse associations between urinary As and predictive FEV(1) (forced expiratory volume measured in 1 sec) (r = -0.37; FEV(1)/forced vital capacity ratio and primary methylation index (r = -0.42, p = 0.01).
The findings suggest that serum CC16 may be a useful biomarker of epithelial lung damage in individuals with arsenical skin lesions. Also, we observed the deleterious respiratory effects of As exposure at concentrations lower than reported in earlier studies.
饮用水中的砷与恶性和非恶性呼吸道疾病有关。与非恶性呼吸道疾病的关联尚未完全确立，因为由于参与者有可见的皮肤病变，呼吸道症状的评估可能受到回忆偏倚或访谈者偏倚的影响。
我们研究了呼吸道疾病的一种新型生物标志物——克拉拉细胞蛋白CC16的血清水平与井水砷、总尿砷及尿砷甲基化指数之间的关系。
我们对从孟加拉国一个大量人群中选取的非吸烟个体（n = 241）进行了一项横断面研究，这些个体饮用水中砷暴露范围广泛（0.1 - 761微克/升）。在母队列研究基线时采集的尿液和血清样本中测量总尿砷、尿砷代谢产物和血清CC16。
我们在有皮肤病变的人群中观察到尿砷与血清CC16之间呈负相关（β = -0.13，p = 0.01）。在整个研究人群中，我们还观察到尿砷中的二级甲基化指数与CC16水平之间呈正相关（β = 0.12，p = 0.05）；在没有皮肤病变的人群中这种关联更强（β = 0.18，p = 0.04），表明甲基化能力增强可能对砷诱导的呼吸道损伤具有保护作用。在接受肺功能测量的研究参与者子样本（n = 31）中，我们观察到尿砷与预测的第1秒用力呼气量（FEV(1)）之间呈负相关（r = -0.37；FEV(1)/用力肺活量比值与一级甲基化指数之间也呈负相关（r = -0.42，p = 0.01）。
研究结果表明，血清CC16可能是砷性皮肤病变个体肺上皮损伤的一种有用生物标志物。此外，我们观察到在低于早期研究报告浓度的情况下，砷暴露对呼吸道也有有害影响。
