Galletly Carol L, Pinkerton Steven D, Petroll Andrew E
Center for AIDS Intervention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202, USA.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2008 Mar;22(3):189-93. doi: 10.1089/apc.2007.0104.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) now recommends testing all health care patients for HIV-regardless of their reported risk behaviors-using an "opt-out" approach in which patients are informed that an HIV test will be conducted unless they explicitly decline to be tested. These new testing procedures will facilitate the identification of persons living with HIV who are unaware of their infection. However, some of these newly diagnosed persons may not previously have considered the possibility that they might have HIV and may be ill-equipped to cope with an HIV diagnosis. The present commentary reviews the potential reactions of persons who receive unanticipated HIV-positive diagnoses and suggests that additional research is needed to better understand these reactions and associated harms.
美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）现在建议，使用“选择退出”的方法对所有医疗保健患者进行HIV检测，无论他们报告的风险行为如何。在这种方法中，患者会被告知，除非他们明确拒绝接受检测，否则将进行HIV检测。这些新的检测程序将有助于识别那些不知道自己感染了HIV的人。然而，这些新诊断出的人中，有些人之前可能没有考虑过自己可能感染HIV的可能性，可能没有做好应对HIV诊断的准备。本评论文章回顾了那些意外得到HIV阳性诊断的人的潜在反应，并建议需要进行更多研究，以更好地了解这些反应及相关危害。
