Wells J E, Varel V H
USDA-ARS, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE 68933-0166, USA.
Lett Appl Microbiol. 2008 Apr;46(4):477-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2008.02338.x. Epub 2008 Feb 22.
To determine the effects of urine, a urease inhibitor and/or an odour-reducing antimicrobial compound, on zoonotic pathogens in swine manure slurries.
Swine faeces were collected and blended with different amounts of urine. Marker strains of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7 were inoculated into the manure slurries with or without the urease inhibitor, N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide, or the antimicrobial compound thymol. In slurries containing approximately 1 : 1 or 2 : 1 of urine and faeces, the decreases in colony forming units (CFU) of Salm. Typhimurium and E. coli were similar and few counts were observed after 14 days. When the urine content of the slurry was increased to 5 : 1, both strains died off rapidly. When NBPT was added to the slurries, pathogen CFU was not affected in the 1 : 1 slurry. The 2 : 1 and 5 : 1 slurries had higher urea content and NBPT increased CFU of both pathogens. Thymol addition rapidly killed the pathogens and few CFU of Salmonella or E. coli were observed after day 1.
These experiments demonstrate that urea hydrolysis in swine manure affects pathogens. Inhibition of urea hydrolysis may promote pathogen viability.
Manure amendments that prevent urea hydrolysis may promote pathogen persistence. Additional treatments with antimicrobials may be required to kill pathogens.
确定尿液、一种脲酶抑制剂和/或一种除臭抗菌化合物对猪粪浆中动物源性病原体的影响。
收集猪粪便并与不同量的尿液混合。将肠炎沙门氏菌肠炎亚种鼠伤寒血清型和大肠杆菌O157:H7的标记菌株接种到含有或不含有脲酶抑制剂N-(正丁基)硫代磷酸三酰胺或抗菌化合物百里酚的粪浆中。在尿液与粪便比例约为1:1或2:1的粪浆中，鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌的菌落形成单位（CFU）减少情况相似，14天后观察到的菌数很少。当粪浆中的尿液含量增加到5:1时，两种菌株均迅速死亡。当向粪浆中添加NBPT时，1:1粪浆中的病原体CFU未受影响。2:1和5:1的粪浆中尿素含量较高，NBPT增加了两种病原体的CFU。添加百里酚可迅速杀死病原体，第1天后观察到的沙门氏菌或大肠杆菌CFU很少。
这些实验表明猪粪中的尿素水解会影响病原体。抑制尿素水解可能会促进病原体的生存能力。
防止尿素水解的粪便改良措施可能会促进病原体的持续存在。可能需要额外的抗菌处理来杀死病原体。
