Wilson Feleta L, Baker Lynda M, Nordstrom Cheryl K, Legwand Carol
College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Issues Compr Pediatr Nurs. 2008 Jan-Mar;31(1):7-22. doi: 10.1080/01460860701877142.
Guided by Orem's Self-care Deficit Nursing theory, the purpose of the pilot study was to assess the relationship between maternal health literacy and the mother's ability to comprehend and communicate information about childhood immunizations. Communication is the key to positive health results, particularly for patients with low literacy skills, yet few studies have examined patients' ability to converse about health information taught to them by providers. The study was conducted in an urban walk-in immunization clinic. A quantitative-qualitative research design was used. Convenience sampling was applied to obtain 15 mothers with one child (M1) and 15 mothers with more than one child (M>1). The Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy (REALM) was used to assess literacy level. Vaccine information statements on inactive poliovirus (IPV) and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) were instructional materials used in the teach- back procedure. Although the results of the study were mixed, patterns and trends were noted. Mothers with higher literacy levels provided more correct responses for the benefits of the polio vaccine than did those mothers with lower literacy levels (F(2,25)=4.70, p= .02). For both IPV and PCV vaccines, more mothers gave correct answers for risks and benefits, but more mothers gave incorrect answers for safety. There also was some relationship between mother's age and correctness of responses regarding risk of pneumonia vaccination (F(2,24)=3.79, p= .04). The inconsistency of the mothers' responses to communicate critical immunization information about vaccines indicates the need to further assess how best to increase parents' vaccine knowledge and communication skills.
在奥瑞姆自理缺陷护理理论的指导下，该初步研究的目的是评估孕产妇健康素养与母亲理解和交流儿童免疫接种信息能力之间的关系。沟通是取得积极健康结果的关键，特别是对于低 literacy 技能的患者而言，但很少有研究考察患者就医护人员传授给他们的健康信息进行交流的能力。该研究在一家城市无需预约的免疫接种诊所进行。采用了定量-定性研究设计。运用便利抽样法选取了15位育有一个孩子的母亲（M1）和15位育有多个孩子的母亲（M>1）。使用成人识字率快速评估法（REALM）来评估识字水平。关于灭活脊髓灰质炎病毒（IPV）和肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV）的疫苗信息声明是在回授程序中使用的教学材料。尽管研究结果不一，但仍发现了一些模式和趋势。识字水平较高的母亲比识字水平较低的母亲就脊髓灰质炎疫苗的益处给出了更多正确回答（F(2,25)=4.70，p = .02）。对于IPV和PCV疫苗，更多母亲对风险和益处给出了正确答案，但更多母亲对安全性给出了错误答案。母亲的年龄与关于肺炎疫苗接种风险的回答正确性之间也存在某种关系（F(2,24)=3.79，p = .04）。母亲们在交流有关疫苗的关键免疫接种信息时回答不一致，这表明有必要进一步评估如何才能最好地提高家长的疫苗知识和沟通技能。
