Wong Li Ping
Medical Education and Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2009 Apr;13(2):85-93. doi: 10.1097/LGT.0b013e3181865f44.
It has been a little more than a year ago since the prophylactic vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) was released in Malaysia. Little is known about parental knowledge and acceptability of the vaccine. The objective of this study is to assess the mother's knowledge and attitudes toward HPV vaccination. The results are aimed to provide insights into the provision of appropriate educational and promotional program for effective immunization uptake.
Purposive sampling method was adopted for recruitment of participants. A total of 47 mothers participated across 8 focus group discussions carried out between October and November 2007. The transcribed group discussions were analyzed using open-, axial-, and selective-coding procedures.
Respondents have low awareness about the newly released vaccine and the link between HPV and cervical cancer. When provided with information about HPV and cervical cancer, most mothers were in favor of protecting their daughters from cervical cancer using the vaccine. As with any new vaccine, efficacy and safety were the major concern, particularly when the vaccine is recommended to preadolescent. Many expressed concern about the high cost of the vaccine and hope that the inoculation could be at least partially subsidized by the government. A minority were concerned that the sexually transmitted disease-related vaccine would promote sexual activities, and some opposed making vaccination mandatory. For Muslim respondents, the kosher issue of HPV vaccine was an important factor for acceptance.
Developing public health messages that focus on the susceptibility of HPV infection and its link to cervical cancer to educate parents may have the greatest impact on improving the uptake of the vaccine. Apart from the major concern about safety and efficacy, affordability, and acceptability of vaccinating young children, religious and ethnic backgrounds were important considerations when recommending the HPV vaccine. To foster broad acceptance, these issues need to be addressed before mass vaccination is pushed forward to the Malaysian public.
自从马来西亚推出人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）预防性疫苗至今已有一年多时间。对于该疫苗，家长们了解多少以及接受程度如何，目前所知甚少。本研究旨在评估母亲们对HPV疫苗接种的了解情况及态度。研究结果旨在为制定有效的免疫接种推广教育计划提供参考。
采用目的抽样法招募参与者。2007年10月至11月期间共开展了8次焦点小组讨论，共有47位母亲参与。对转录后的小组讨论采用开放式、轴心式和选择性编码程序进行分析。
受访者对新推出的疫苗以及HPV与宫颈癌之间的联系知晓度较低。在了解到HPV和宫颈癌的相关信息后，大多数母亲赞成使用该疫苗来保护女儿免受宫颈癌侵害。与任何新疫苗一样，疗效和安全性是主要关注点，尤其是当该疫苗推荐用于青春期前女孩时。许多人对疫苗的高成本表示担忧，并希望接种费用至少能得到政府部分补贴。少数人担心这种与性传播疾病相关的疫苗会助长性行为，还有一些人反对强制接种。对于穆斯林受访者而言，HPV疫苗的清真问题是决定是否接受的重要因素。
制定聚焦于HPV感染易感性及其与宫颈癌联系的公共卫生宣传信息，以教育家长，可能对提高疫苗接种率产生最大影响。除了对安全性、疗效、可承受性以及给幼儿接种疫苗的可接受性这些主要担忧之外，在推荐HPV疫苗时，宗教和种族背景也是重要的考量因素。为促进广泛接受，在向马来西亚公众推广大规模疫苗接种之前，需要解决这些问题。
