School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Aug 17;10:894050. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.894050. eCollection 2022.
Health literacy (HL) is considered a crucial determinant of disease prevention and control. However, the role of HL in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has not been studied using provincial representative data among Chinese residents. This study aimed to assess the association between HL and COVID-19 awareness among Zhejiang residents based on the 2020 China Health Literacy Survey (CHLS).
The study was conducted among 5,596 residents aged 15-69 in Zhejiang using multistage, stratified, and probability proportional to size sampling. COVID-19 awareness and HL were assessed using the "Chinese Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire (2020)" in Zhejiang. The covariates were divided into predisposing factors, enabling factors, and need factors according to Anderson's model. Data were analyzed by the chi-square test and logistic regression.
The study showed that HL and COVID-19 awareness levels of residents were 24.84% and 8.06%, respectively, in Zhejiang in 2020. After adjusting for covariates, residents with adequate HL were more likely to have better COVID-19 awareness (odds ratio [OR] = 5.22, 95% CI = 4.13-6.59, < 0.001). Three dimensions of HL (knowledge and attitudes, behavior and lifestyle, and health-related skills) were associated with COVID-19 awareness. Additionally, COVID-19 awareness was associated with age, occupation, family size, annual household income, and chronic conditions.
COVID-19 awareness is significantly associated with HL, suggesting that promoting HL is an important component of health education, disease prevention, and health promotion in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and even possible public health emergencies in the future.
健康素养（HL）被认为是疾病预防和控制的关键决定因素。然而，在中国居民中，使用省级代表性数据研究 HL 在 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行中的作用尚未进行。本研究旨在根据 2020 年中国健康素养调查（CHLS）评估浙江省居民 HL 与 COVID-19 意识之间的关系。
本研究采用多阶段、分层和概率比例大小抽样方法，在浙江省对 5596 名 15-69 岁居民进行了研究。使用“中国公民健康素养问卷（2020）”评估 COVID-19 意识和 HL。协变量根据安德森模型分为倾向因素、促成因素和需要因素。采用卡方检验和 logistic 回归进行数据分析。
研究表明，2020 年浙江省居民 HL 和 COVID-19 意识水平分别为 24.84%和 8.06%。调整协变量后，具有足够 HL 的居民更有可能具有更好的 COVID-19 意识（比值比[OR] = 5.22，95%置信区间[CI] = 4.13-6.59，<0.001）。HL 的三个维度（知识和态度、行为和生活方式、健康相关技能）与 COVID-19 意识相关。此外，COVID-19 意识与年龄、职业、家庭规模、家庭年收入和慢性病有关。
COVID-19 意识与 HL 显著相关，这表明在应对 COVID-19 大流行甚至未来可能的突发公共卫生事件时，促进 HL 是健康教育、疾病预防和健康促进的重要组成部分。
