Fàbrega Anna, Sánchez-Céspedes Javier, Soto Sara, Vila Jordi
Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2008 Apr;31(4):307-15. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.12.010. Epub 2008 Mar 4.
Antimicrobials are used in pet animals and in animal husbandry for prophylactic and therapeutic reasons and also as growth promoters, causing selective pressure on bacteria of animal origin. The impact of quinolones or quinolone-resistant bacteria on the management of human infections may be associated with three different scenarios. (i) Quinolone-resistant zoonotic bacterial pathogens are selected and food is contaminated during slaughter and/or preparation. (ii) Quinolone-resistant bacteria non-pathogenic to humans are selected in the animal. When the contaminated food is ingested, the bacteria may transfer resistance determinants to other bacteria in the human gut (commensal and potential pathogens). And (iii) quinolones remain in residues of food products, which may allow the selection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria after the food is consumed. In this review, we analyse the abovementioned aspects, emphasising the molecular basis of quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp.
出于预防、治疗以及作为生长促进剂的原因，抗菌药物被用于宠物和畜牧业中，这对动物源细菌产生了选择性压力。喹诺酮类药物或耐喹诺酮类细菌对人类感染管理的影响可能与三种不同情况相关。（i）选择出耐喹诺酮类的人畜共患病细菌病原体，并且在屠宰和/或食品制备过程中食物受到污染。（ii）在动物体内选择出对人类无致病性的耐喹诺酮类细菌。当摄入受污染的食物时，这些细菌可能会将耐药决定簇转移至人类肠道中的其他细菌（共生菌和潜在病原体）。以及（iii）喹诺酮类药物残留在食品中，这可能会在食用这些食品后促使抗生素耐药细菌的产生。在本综述中，我们分析上述各个方面，重点强调大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌属和弯曲杆菌属中喹诺酮耐药性的分子基础。
