Dibbern Donald A, Montanaro Anthony
Allergy Clinic, LLC, Portland, Oregon 97205, USA.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2008 Feb;100(2):91-100; quiz 100-3, 111. doi: 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60415-2.
To provide a literature review and clinical summary of the evaluation and management of sulfonamide drug reactions.
Published English-language medical literature.
Selected trials of drug desensitization protocols.
Obtaining a detailed history is invaluable in assessing a history of reactions to sulfonamide medications, because allergy to these drugs remains a clinical diagnosis at present. Numerous efficacious drug desensitization protocols for management have been published and are reviewed in detail.
The term sulfa allergy is imprecise and misleading and therefore should be discouraged. There are important distinctions between sulfonylarylamines (antimicrobial sulfonamides), nonarylamine (nonantimicrobial) sulfonamides, and sulfones, with regard to allergic and other adverse drug reactions. Most reactions to sulfonylarylamines probably result from multifactorial immunologic and toxic metabolic mechanisms, whereas less is known about the precise mechanisms of reactions to other sulfur-containing drugs.
对磺胺类药物反应的评估与管理进行文献综述和临床总结。
已发表的英文医学文献。
药物脱敏方案的选定试验。
获取详细病史对于评估磺胺类药物反应史非常重要，因为目前对这些药物的过敏仍为临床诊断。已发表了许多有效的药物脱敏管理方案，并进行了详细综述。
“磺胺过敏”这一术语不准确且具有误导性，因此应避免使用。在磺胺芳基胺（抗菌磺胺类）、非芳基胺（非抗菌）磺胺类和砜类之间，在过敏及其他药物不良反应方面存在重要区别。大多数对磺胺芳基胺的反应可能是由多因素免疫和毒性代谢机制引起的，而对于其他含硫药物反应的确切机制了解较少。
