Ha Mi-Hee, Choi Jinhee
Faculty of Environmental Engineering, College of Urban Science, University of Seoul, 90 Jeonnong-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-743, Republic of Korea.
Chemosphere. 2008 May;71(10):1928-36. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.01.018. Epub 2008 Mar 6.
The effects of environmental contaminants (i.e., nonylphenol, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, benzo[a]pyrene, chlorpyriphos, paraquat dichloride, and lead nitrate) on Chironomus hemoglobin were investigated in the 4th instar larvae of Chironomus riparius (Diptera: Chironomidae), with respect to the total hemoglobin contents, individual globin gene expression, individual globin protein expression and hemoglobin oxidation. In our studies, 7 and 6 globin isoforms were preliminarily characterized by molecular weight and isoelectric point, respectively, in the 4th instar larvae of C. riparius. Most chemicals were unable to modify the total hemoglobin contents, however, the expression patterns of the globin transcript and proteins suggest that C. riparius globin exists in both inducible and consecutively expressed forms, with multiplicity that may allow this animal to better adapt toward stressful environmental conditions, including pollution stress. The oxyhemoglobin was observed to be downregulated in C. riparius on exposure to bisphenol A and chlorpyriphos, probably reflecting its increased autoxidation to methemoglobin. The overall results would suggest that globin can be a target molecule of environmental contaminants, and of the tested parameters, the alteration of individual globin levels (i.e., mRNA or protein levels) may have potential for the development of a biomarker for ecotoxicity monitoring.
研究了环境污染物（即壬基酚、双酚A二缩水甘油醚、苯并[a]芘、毒死蜱、百草枯二氯化物和硝酸铅）对河岸摇蚊（双翅目：摇蚊科）四龄幼虫血红蛋白的影响，涉及总血红蛋白含量、单个珠蛋白基因表达、单个珠蛋白蛋白表达和血红蛋白氧化。在我们的研究中，分别根据分子量和等电点对河岸摇蚊四龄幼虫中的7种和6种珠蛋白异构体进行了初步表征。大多数化学物质无法改变总血红蛋白含量，然而，珠蛋白转录本和蛋白质的表达模式表明，河岸摇蚊珠蛋白以诱导型和连续表达型两种形式存在，其多样性可能使这种动物能够更好地适应包括污染胁迫在内的应激环境条件。观察到暴露于双酚A和毒死蜱时，河岸摇蚊中的氧合血红蛋白被下调，这可能反映了其向高铁血红蛋白的自氧化增加。总体结果表明，珠蛋白可能是环境污染物的靶分子，在所测试的参数中，单个珠蛋白水平（即mRNA或蛋白质水平）的改变可能具有开发生态毒性监测生物标志物的潜力。
