Feig Jonathan E, Shamir Raanan, Fisher Edward A
Department of Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, Smilow 8, 522 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Curr Drug Targets. 2008 Mar;9(3):196-203. doi: 10.2174/138945008783755557.
The risk of atherosclerosis is inversely related to circulating levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Notably, in large-scale epidemiologic studies, this association is independent of plasma levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Pharmacologic agents, such as fibrates and niacin that increase HDL cholesterol levels have been associated with decreased cardiovascular events and beneficial effects on the coronary and carotid arteries. Furthermore, there is evidence that the risk of restenosis following vascular interventions is inversely related to HDL levels. This review considers the available data from mainly murine models on potential mechanisms by which HDL may exert these anti-atherogenic effects, namely through its role in reverse cholesterol transport, its effects on endothelial cells, and its anti-inflammatory/anti-oxidant activities. In addition to discussing a role for HDL in retarding atherosclerosis progression, we will also review how HDL may play a role in promoting regression of atherosclerotic lesions.
动脉粥样硬化的风险与循环中的高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇水平呈负相关。值得注意的是，在大规模流行病学研究中，这种关联独立于低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的血浆水平。增加HDL胆固醇水平的药物，如贝特类药物和烟酸，已被证明与心血管事件减少以及对冠状动脉和颈动脉的有益作用有关。此外，有证据表明血管介入后再狭窄的风险与HDL水平呈负相关。本综述主要考虑来自小鼠模型的现有数据，探讨HDL发挥这些抗动脉粥样硬化作用的潜在机制，即通过其在逆向胆固醇转运中的作用、对内皮细胞的影响以及抗炎/抗氧化活性。除了讨论HDL在延缓动脉粥样硬化进展中的作用外，我们还将综述HDL如何在促进动脉粥样硬化病变消退中发挥作用。
