Ortonne J-P
Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital l'Archet 2, Nice Cedex 3, France.
Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2008 Feb;135 Suppl 3:S153-6. doi: 10.1016/S0151-9638(08)70071-1.
Skin color is controlled by pigmentary genes that regulate constitutive skin pigmentation and by environmental factors, the most obvious of them being solar U.V. At this time, more than 125 distinct pigmentary genes are known. They affect embryogenesis and survival of the melanocyte system, mélanosome biogenesis, melanogenesis, mélanosome transport and transfer, eumelanins/pheomelanins ratio and epidermal mélanosome turn-over and elimination. The pigmentary disorders of the skin are common and represent an important part of dermatologist activity. They concern at the same time the general dermatology and the aesthetic dermatology.
肤色由调节固有皮肤色素沉着的色素基因以及环境因素控制，其中最明显的是太阳紫外线。目前，已知有超过125种不同的色素基因。它们影响黑素细胞系统的胚胎发生和存活、黑素小体生物合成、黑色素生成、黑素小体运输和转移、真黑素/褐黑素比例以及表皮黑素小体的周转和清除。皮肤色素紊乱很常见，是皮肤科医生工作的重要组成部分。它们同时涉及普通皮肤科和美容皮肤科。
