一项以诊所为基础、强调采用得舒饮食（DASH-type diet）的行为营养干预措施对血压升高青少年的疗效。

The efficacy of a clinic-based behavioral nutrition intervention emphasizing a DASH-type diet for adolescents with elevated blood pressure.

作者信息

Couch Sarah C, Saelens Brian E, Levin Linda, Dart Katie, Falciglia Grace, Daniels Stephen R

机构信息

Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0394, USA.

出版信息

J Pediatr. 2008 Apr;152(4):494-501. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2007.09.022. Epub 2007 Nov 5.

DOI:10.1016/j.jpeds.2007.09.022

PMID:18346503

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To examine the efficacy of a 3-month clinic-based behavioral nutrition intervention emphasizing a diet high in fruits, vegetables, and low fat dairy (DASH intervention) versus routine outpatient hospital-based nutrition care (RC) on diet and blood pressure (BP) in adolescents with elevated BP.

STUDY DESIGN

Fifty-seven adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of prehypertension or hypertension (systolic BP or diastolic BP, 90(th) to 99(th) percentile) were randomly assigned to DASH or RC. SBP, DBP, 3-day diet recall, weight, and height were assessed at pretreatment, post-treatment, and 3 months later (follow-up).

RESULTS

In completer analysis, DASH versus RC had a greater decrease in SBP z scores from baseline to post-treatment (P < 0.01) and a trend for a greater decrease in SBP z scores from baseline through follow-up (P = .07). DBP z scores changed similarly for conditions from baseline through follow-up. Relative to RC, DASH had a greater increase in intake of fruits (P < .001), potassium and magnesium (P < .01), and a greater decrease in total fat (P < .05) from baseline to post-treatment. From baseline through follow-up, DASH versus RC had a greater increase in low fat dairy (P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

The DASH intervention proved more effective than RC in improving SBP and diet quality in adolescents with elevated BP.

摘要

目的

研究以诊所为基础、为期3个月的行为营养干预（强调高水果、蔬菜和低脂乳制品饮食，即DASH干预）与常规门诊医院营养护理（RC）相比，对血压升高的青少年的饮食和血压（BP）的影响。

研究设计

57名临床诊断为高血压前期或高血压（收缩压或舒张压处于第90至99百分位）的青少年被随机分配至DASH组或RC组。在治疗前、治疗后及3个月后（随访）评估收缩压、舒张压、3天饮食回顾、体重和身高。

结果

在完整分析中，从基线到治疗后，DASH组与RC组相比，收缩压z评分下降幅度更大（P < 0.01），且从基线到随访期间收缩压z评分有更大下降的趋势（P = 0.07）。从基线到随访期间，舒张压z评分在两组中的变化相似。与RC组相比，从基线到治疗后，DASH组的水果摄入量增加更多（P < 0.001），钾和镁摄入量增加更多（P < 0.01），总脂肪摄入量减少更多（P < 0.05）。从基线到随访期间，DASH组与RC组相比，低脂乳制品摄入量增加更多（P < 0.001）。