Mirmiran P, Ramezankhani A, Hekmatdoost A, Azizi F
Endocrine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, M.C., Tehran, Iran.
Ann Nutr Metab. 2008;52(2):91-5. doi: 10.1159/000121364. Epub 2008 Mar 18.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Several epidemiologic studies have shown that many nutritional and non-nutritional risk factors for non-communicable diseases are modifiable. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of nutrition intervention on non-communicable disease risk factors among Tehranian urban adults.
In the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), 1,474 subjects, aged 3 years and over, were selected for dietary assessment; nutrition intervention was implemented for one third through pamphlets, posters, nutritional consultations, educational courses, and demonstration of films in the community health medical centers, schools, and other public places. After a 3.8-year follow-up period, data were collected for 578 subjects, aged 18-74 years, who participated in the second phase of the study; there were 356 subjects in the control group and 222 in the intervention group. Mean body mass index, energy intake, macronutrients, fibre, micronutrients, serum lipids, fasting blood sugar, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were determined in both groups.
The mean fasting blood sugar concentrations increased significantly in the control group and decreased significantly in the intervention group. Mean diastolic blood pressure and total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased in both groups. However, the body mass index showed a significant increase in both groups. Adjusted for age, sex, and baseline variables, the cholesterol intake (214 vs. 232 mg/day, p < 0.05) was significantly lower in the intervention as compared with the control group.
The present study shows decreases in fasting blood sugar, total serum cholesterol, and daily cholesterol intake after nutrition interventions. Specific intervention measures, keeping in mind cultural and socio-economic factors, could modify dietary patterns and are effective in the primary pre- vention of non-communicable diseases.
背景/目的:多项流行病学研究表明,许多非传染性疾病的营养和非营养风险因素是可以改变的。本研究旨在确定营养干预对德黑兰城市成年人非传染性疾病风险因素的有效性。
在德黑兰血脂与血糖研究(TLGS)中,选取了1474名3岁及以上的受试者进行饮食评估;通过在社区健康医疗中心、学校和其他公共场所发放宣传册、张贴海报、提供营养咨询、举办教育课程以及播放影片等方式,对三分之一的受试者实施营养干预。经过3.8年的随访期后,收集了参与研究第二阶段的578名18 - 74岁受试者的数据;对照组有356名受试者,干预组有222名受试者。测定了两组受试者的平均体重指数、能量摄入、宏量营养素、纤维、微量营养素、血脂、空腹血糖以及收缩压和舒张压。
对照组的平均空腹血糖浓度显著升高,干预组则显著降低。两组的平均舒张压、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平均有所下降。然而,两组的体重指数均显著上升。在对年龄、性别和基线变量进行调整后,干预组的胆固醇摄入量(214 vs. 232毫克/天,p < 0.05)显著低于对照组。
本研究表明营养干预后空腹血糖、血清总胆固醇和每日胆固醇摄入量均有所降低。考虑到文化和社会经济因素的具体干预措施,可以改变饮食模式,对非传染性疾病的一级预防有效。