Krishna C Murali, Kurien Jacob, Mathew Stanley, Rao Lakshmi, Maheedhar K, Kumar K Kalyan, Chowdary M V P
Chilakapati Laboratory, ACTREC, TMC, Kharghar, Sector 22, Navi Mumbai, 410208, India.
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2008 Mar;8(2):149-66. doi: 10.1586/14737159.8.2.149.
Breast cancer is one of the leading female cancers. The major drawback of the gold standard of screening, mammography, is the high rate of false reports, aside from the risk from repeated exposure to harmful ionizing radiations. Histopathology, the gold standard of diagnosis, is time consuming and often prone to subjective interpretations. Molecular level diagnosis 'omics' is becoming increasingly popular; among these is metabolomics, diagnosis based on 'metabolic fingerprinting'. In the present article we review a Raman spectroscopic approach to metabolic fingerprinting in breast cancer detection. This review opens with a brief background on anatomical and etiological aspects of breast cancers. We present an overview of conventional detection approaches in breast cancer screening and diagnosis methods, followed by a concise note on the basics of optical spectroscopy and its applications in the screening/diagnosis of breast malignancy. We present the recent developments in Raman spectroscopic diagnosis of breast cancers and also share our experience in Raman spectroscopic classification of normal, benign and malignant breast tissues. Perspectives and current status of Raman spectroscopic screening/diagnosis of breast cancers are also discussed.
乳腺癌是女性主要癌症之一。筛查的金标准——乳房X光检查，除了存在反复暴露于有害电离辐射的风险外，主要缺点是假报告率高。组织病理学作为诊断的金标准，耗时且往往容易出现主观解读。分子水平诊断的“组学”正变得越来越流行；其中包括代谢组学，即基于“代谢指纹图谱”的诊断。在本文中，我们综述了一种用于乳腺癌检测中代谢指纹图谱分析的拉曼光谱方法。本综述开篇简要介绍了乳腺癌的解剖学和病因学背景。我们概述了乳腺癌筛查和诊断方法中的传统检测方法，随后简要介绍了光谱学基础及其在乳腺恶性肿瘤筛查/诊断中的应用。我们介绍了乳腺癌拉曼光谱诊断的最新进展，并分享了我们在正常、良性和恶性乳腺组织拉曼光谱分类方面的经验。还讨论了乳腺癌拉曼光谱筛查/诊断的前景和现状。
