Forstmann Birte U, van den Wildenberg Wery P M, Ridderinkhof K Richard
University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychology, The Netherlands.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2008 Oct;20(10):1854-65. doi: 10.1162/jocn.2008.20122.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methods may help in understanding processes of response capture and response inhibition in conflict tasks, such as the Simon task. However, data-driven approaches thus far have not yielded consistent insights into these processes. Here, a theory-driven approach is introduced that capitalizes on individual differences in the processes of central interest. Based on the so-called activation-suppression model, specific behavioral parameters for each individual derived from reaction time (RT) distribution analysis were computed and entered into model-based fMRI analyses. These parameters correspond closely to the processes of inappropriate location-driven response activation (capture) and the subsequent inhibition of this activation as detailed by the model. Data from 24 participants revealed activation in the pre-supplementary motor area, which covaried with the RT distribution measure of response capture. Activation in the right inferior frontal cortex was found to covary with the RT distribution measure of response inhibition. These results, which are consistent against the backdrop of the larger literature on cognitive control, could have been derived neither from the standard data-driven fMRI approach, nor from inspecting overall mean RT alone.
功能磁共振成像（fMRI）方法可能有助于理解冲突任务（如西蒙任务）中的反应捕捉和反应抑制过程。然而，迄今为止，数据驱动的方法尚未对这些过程产生一致的见解。在此，引入一种理论驱动的方法，该方法利用了核心关注过程中的个体差异。基于所谓的激活-抑制模型，计算了从反应时间（RT）分布分析中得出的每个个体的特定行为参数，并将其纳入基于模型的fMRI分析。这些参数与模型详细描述的不适当位置驱动的反应激活（捕捉）过程以及随后对该激活的抑制过程密切对应。来自24名参与者的数据显示，前辅助运动区激活，其与反应捕捉的RT分布测量值协变。发现右下额叶皮质的激活与反应抑制的RT分布测量值协变。这些结果在关于认知控制的大量文献背景下是一致的，既无法从标准的数据驱动fMRI方法中得出，也无法仅通过检查总体平均RT得出。
