Liu Guodong, Lin Yuehe
Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105-5516, USA.
Talanta. 2007 Dec 15;74(3):308-17. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2007.10.014. Epub 2007 Oct 16.
This article reviews recent advances in nanomaterial labels in electrochemical immunosensors and immunoassays. Various nanomaterial labels are discussed, including colloidal gold/silver, semiconductor nanoparticles, and markers loaded nanocarriers (carbon nanotubes, apoferritin, silica nanoparticles, and liposome beads). The enormous signal enhancement associated with the use of nanomaterial labels and with the formation of nanomaterial-antibody-antigen assemblies provides the basis for ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of disease-related protein biomarkers, biothreat agents, or infectious agents. In general, all endeavors cited here are geared to achieve one or more of the following goals: signal amplification by several orders of magnitude, lower detection limits, and detecting multiple targets.
本文综述了电化学免疫传感器和免疫分析中纳米材料标记物的最新进展。讨论了各种纳米材料标记物,包括胶体金/银、半导体纳米颗粒以及负载标记物的纳米载体(碳纳米管、脱铁铁蛋白、二氧化硅纳米颗粒和脂质体微珠)。与使用纳米材料标记物以及纳米材料-抗体-抗原组装体的形成相关的巨大信号增强,为疾病相关蛋白质生物标志物、生物威胁因子或传染因子的超灵敏电化学检测提供了基础。一般来说,这里引用的所有研究都旨在实现以下一个或多个目标:信号放大几个数量级、降低检测限以及检测多个靶点。