Tovalin Ahumada H, Lazcano Ramírez F
Secretaría de Salud, Dirección General de Epidemiología, México, DF.
Bol Oficina Sanit Panam. 1991 Oct;111(4):324-32.
Between 1985 and 1988, a two-phase epidemiological study was conducted at the "Ruta 100" company in Mexico City to examine the harmful effects of the working conditions on drivers of urban transport vehicles. In the first phase, five groups of nine drivers each were interviewed regarding their opinions about their working conditions and possible work-related disorders. On the basis of this information, an epidemiological survey was developed and applied using a polytypic sampling design to some 200 drivers plus two other groups of approximately the same size, one consisting of maintenance workers and the other of office workers, which served as controls. The driver group showed a high prevalence of respiratory and neuropsychiatric disorders, diarrhea, myopia, arterial hypertension, urinary disorders, hemorrhoids, hearing loss, back pain, varicose veins, peptic ulcers, diabetes, cardiopathies, abdominal hernias, and appendicitis. For arterial hypertension, hemorrhoids, nervous disorders, and psychiatric disorders the prevalence ratios of drivers/maintenance workers and drivers/administrative workers were statistically significant.
1985年至1988年间，在墨西哥城的“100号公路”公司开展了一项两阶段的流行病学研究，以调查工作条件对城市运输车辆司机的有害影响。在第一阶段，对五组每组九名司机进行了访谈，询问他们对工作条件及可能与工作相关疾病的看法。基于这些信息，制定并采用多类型抽样设计对约200名司机以及另外两组规模大致相同的人员（一组是维修工人，另一组是办公室职员，作为对照组）进行了流行病学调查。司机组中呼吸系统和神经精神系统疾病、腹泻、近视、动脉高血压、泌尿系统疾病、痔疮、听力损失、背痛、静脉曲张、消化性溃疡、糖尿病、心脏病、腹疝和阑尾炎的患病率较高。动脉高血压、痔疮、神经疾病和精神疾病方面，司机/维修工人以及司机/行政人员的患病率比值具有统计学意义。
