Vanderbilt-Adriance Ella, Shaw Daniel S
Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 210 S. Bouquet St., 4425 Sennott Square, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2008 Jun;11(1-2):30-58. doi: 10.1007/s10567-008-0031-2.
This article examines potential theoretical constraints on resilience across levels of risk, time, and domain of outcome. Studies of resilience are reviewed as they relate to the prevalence of resilience across levels of risk (e.g., single life events vs. cumulative risk), time, and domains of adjustment. Based on a thorough review of pertinent literature, we conclude that resilience, as a global construct, appears to be rare at the highest levels of risk, and that resilience may benefit from a narrower conceptualization focusing on specific outcomes at specific timepoints in development. The implication of this conclusion for future research and intervention efforts is then discussed.
本文探讨了风险水平、时间和结果领域等方面对复原力的潜在理论限制。回顾了与不同风险水平(如单一生活事件与累积风险)、时间和适应领域的复原力普遍性相关的复原力研究。基于对相关文献的全面回顾,我们得出结论,作为一个整体概念,复原力在最高风险水平上似乎很少见,而且将复原力的概念缩小到关注发展中特定时间点的特定结果可能会更有益。随后讨论了这一结论对未来研究和干预工作的启示。