Sharma O K, Beezley D N, Roberts W K
Biochemistry. 1976 Sep 21;15(19):4313-8. doi: 10.1021/bi00664a027.
The effect of various tRNAs on protein synthesis was investigated using a tRNA-dependent cell-free system from Ehrlich ascites cells. Ascites cell tRNA and rabbit liver tRNA were found to promote efficient translation of globin mRNA, oviduct mRNA, and encephalomycarditis (EMC) viral RNA. In contrast, reticulocyte tRNA participated efficiently only in the translation of globin mRNA; the translation of oviduct mRNA AND EMC viral RNA in the presence of reticulocyte tRNA resulted in the synthesis of relatively few large mature proteins and the accumulation of discrete, smaller polypeptides. These results suggest that isoaccepting tRNA species required for the synthesis of ovalbumin and EMC viral protein (but not hemoglobin) are probably functionally absent in reticulocyte tRNA, causing a premature, nonrandom termination of synthesis of these proteins. This provides preliminary evidence that variations in tRNA populations, frequently observed between different cell types, are large enough to define and perhaps regulate the proteins that the cell is capable of synthesizing.
利用艾氏腹水癌细胞的依赖于tRNA的无细胞体系，研究了各种tRNA对蛋白质合成的影响。发现腹水细胞tRNA和兔肝tRNA能促进珠蛋白mRNA、输卵管mRNA和脑心肌炎（EMC）病毒RNA的高效翻译。相比之下，网织红细胞tRNA仅有效地参与珠蛋白mRNA的翻译；在网织红细胞tRNA存在的情况下，输卵管mRNA和EMC病毒RNA的翻译导致相对较少的大的成熟蛋白质的合成以及离散的较小多肽的积累。这些结果表明，卵清蛋白和EMC病毒蛋白（而非血红蛋白）合成所需的同功tRNA种类在网织红细胞tRNA中可能在功能上不存在，从而导致这些蛋白质合成的过早、非随机终止。这提供了初步证据，表明在不同细胞类型之间经常观察到的tRNA群体的差异足够大，足以界定并可能调节细胞能够合成的蛋白质。
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