Noor Masi, Brown Rupert, Gonzalez Roberto, Manzi Jorge, Lewis Christopher Alan
Canterbury Christ Church University, United Kingdom.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2008 Jun;34(6):819-32. doi: 10.1177/0146167208315555. Epub 2008 Apr 3.
Three studies examined the roles of traditional and novel social psychological variables involved in intergroup forgiveness. Study 1 (N = 480) revealed that among the pro-Pinochet and the anti-Pinochet groups in Chile, forgiveness was predicted by ingroup identity (negatively), common ingroup identity (positively), empathy and trust (positively), and competitive victimhood (the subjective sense of having suffered more than the outgroup, negatively). Political ideology (Right vs. Left) moderated the relationship between empathy and forgiveness, trust and forgiveness, and between the latter and competitive victimhood. Study 2 (N = 309), set in the Northern Irish conflict between Protestants and Catholics, provided a replication and extension of Study 1. Finally, Study 3 (N = 155/108) examined the longitudinal relationship between forgiveness and reconciliation in Northern Ireland, revealing that forgiveness predicted reconciliation intentions. The reverse direction of this relationship was also marginally significant. Results are discussed in terms of their theoretical and practical implications.
三项研究考察了传统和新型社会心理变量在群体间宽恕中所起的作用。研究1（N = 480）表明，在智利支持皮诺切特和反对皮诺切特的群体中，内群体认同（负向）、共同内群体认同（正向）、同理心和信任（正向）以及竞争性受害感（即主观上认为自己比外群体遭受更多苦难，负向）可预测宽恕。政治意识形态（右派与左派）调节了同理心与宽恕、信任与宽恕以及后者与竞争性受害感之间的关系。研究2（N = 309）以新教与天主教之间的北爱尔兰冲突为背景，对研究1进行了重复和扩展。最后，研究3（N = 155/108）考察了北爱尔兰宽恕与和解之间的纵向关系，发现宽恕可预测和解意图。这种关系的反向也略显显著。将根据研究结果的理论和实际意义进行讨论。
