Li Shao-Peng, Cadotte Marc W, Meiners Scott J, Hua Zheng-Shuang, Shu Hao-Yue, Li Jin-Tian, Shu Wen-Sheng
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, College of Ecology and Evolution, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto-Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada.
Ecol Lett. 2015 Dec;18(12):1285-92. doi: 10.1111/ele.12522. Epub 2015 Oct 6.
Darwin's naturalisation conundrum describes the paradox that the relatedness of exotic species to native residents could either promote or hinder their success through opposing mechanisms: niche pre-adaptation or competitive interactions. Previous studies focusing on single snapshots of invasion patterns have provided support to both sides of the conundrum. Here, by examining invasion dynamics of 480 plots over 40 years, we show that exotic species more closely related to native species were more likely to enter, establish and dominate the resident communities, and that native residents more closely related to these successful exotics were more likely to go locally extinct. Therefore, non-random displacement of natives during invasion could weaken or even reverse the negative effects of exotic-native phylogenetic distances on invasion success. The scenario that exotics more closely related to native residents are more successful, but tend to eliminate their closely related natives, may help to reconcile the 150-year-old conundrum.
外来物种与本地物种的亲缘关系可能通过相互对立的机制，即生态位预适应或竞争相互作用，来促进或阻碍其成功归化。以往关注入侵模式单一快照的研究为该难题的双方都提供了支持。在此，通过考察40年间480个样地的入侵动态，我们发现与本地物种亲缘关系更近的外来物种更有可能进入、建立并主导本地群落，而与这些成功外来物种亲缘关系更近的本地物种更有可能在当地灭绝。因此，入侵过程中本地物种的非随机替代可能会削弱甚至逆转外来物种与本地物种系统发育距离对入侵成功的负面影响。与本地物种亲缘关系更近的外来物种更成功，但往往会淘汰与其亲缘关系密切的本地物种，这一情形可能有助于化解这个存在了150年的难题。
