Ma Chao, Li Shao-Peng, Pu Zhichao, Tan Jiaqi, Liu Manqiang, Zhou Jing, Li Huixin, Jiang Lin
School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China.
School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China.
Proc Biol Sci. 2016 Sep 14;283(1838). doi: 10.1098/rspb.2016.0663.
Darwin's naturalization hypothesis (DNH), which predicts that alien species more distantly related to native communities are more likely to naturalize, has received much recent attention. The mixed findings from empirical studies that have tested DNH, however, seem to defy generalizations. Using meta-analysis to synthesize results of existing studies, we show that the predictive power of DNH depends on both the invasion stage and the spatial scale of the studies. Alien species more closely related to natives tended to be less successful at the local scale, supporting DNH; invasion success, however, was unaffected by alien-native relatedness at the regional scale. On the other hand, alien species with stronger impacts on native communities tended to be more closely related to natives at the local scale, but less closely related to natives at the regional scale. These patterns are generally consistent across different ecosystems, taxa and investigation methods. Our results revealed the different effects of invader-native relatedness on invader success and impact, suggesting the operation of different mechanisms across invasion stages and spatial scales.
达尔文归化假说（DNH）预测，与本地群落亲缘关系较远的外来物种更有可能归化，该假说最近受到了广泛关注。然而，检验DNH的实证研究得出的混合结果似乎难以一概而论。通过荟萃分析来综合现有研究的结果，我们发现DNH的预测能力取决于研究的入侵阶段和空间尺度。在局部尺度上，与本地物种亲缘关系较近的外来物种归化成功率往往较低，这支持了DNH；然而，在区域尺度上，入侵成功率不受外来物种与本地物种亲缘关系的影响。另一方面，对本地群落影响较大的外来物种在局部尺度上往往与本地物种亲缘关系更近，但在区域尺度上与本地物种的亲缘关系较远。这些模式在不同的生态系统、分类群和调查方法中普遍一致。我们的结果揭示了入侵者与本地物种的亲缘关系对入侵成功和影响的不同作用，表明在不同的入侵阶段和空间尺度上存在不同的机制。
