Fraser Virginia V, Jones Amanda M, Frounfelker Rochelle, Harding Brian, Hardin Teresa, Bond Gary R
Thresholds, Chicago, IL 60613, USA.
Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2008 Spring;31(4):332-9. doi: 10.2975/31.4.2008.332.339.
The Individual Placement and Support (IPS) model of supported employment is an evidence-based practice for individuals with psychiatric disabilities. To be financially viable, IPS programs require funding from the state-federal vocational rehabilitation (VR) system. However, some observers have questioned the compatibility of IPS and the VR system.
Using a randomized controlled trial comparing IPS to a well-established vocational program called the Diversified Placement Approach (DPA), we examined rates of VR sponsorship and successful VR closures. We also describe the establishment of an active collaboration between a psychiatric rehabilitation agency and the state VR system to facilitate rapid VR sponsorship for IPS clients.
Both IPS and DPA achieved a 44% rate of VR Status 26 closure when considering all clients entering the study. IPS and DPA averaged similar amount of time to achieve VR sponsorship. Time from vocational program entry to Status 26 was 51 days longer on average for IPS.
Even though several IPS principles seem to run counter to VR practices, such as zero exclusion and rapid job search, we found IPS closure rates comparable to those for DPA, a vocational model that screens for readiness, provides prevocational preparation, and extensively uses agency-run businesses.
个体安置与支持（IPS）就业支持模式是针对患有精神疾病的个体的一种循证实践。为了在经济上可行，IPS项目需要来自州联邦职业康复（VR）系统的资金。然而，一些观察人士对IPS与VR系统的兼容性提出了质疑。
通过一项将IPS与一个成熟的职业项目——多元化安置方法（DPA）进行比较的随机对照试验，我们研究了VR赞助率和成功的VR结业率。我们还描述了一家精神康复机构与州VR系统之间建立积极合作关系，以促进为IPS客户快速提供VR赞助的情况。
在考虑所有进入该研究的客户时，IPS和DPA的VR状态26结业率均达到44%。IPS和DPA获得VR赞助的平均时间相似。IPS从进入职业项目到达到状态26的平均时间比DPA长51天。
尽管IPS的一些原则似乎与VR实践相悖，如零排斥和快速求职，但我们发现IPS的结业率与DPA相当，DPA是一种职业模式，会筛选准备情况、提供职前准备，并广泛使用机构运营的企业。
