Magnavita N
Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma.
G Ital Med Lav Ergon. 2007 Jul-Sep;29(3 Suppl):667-70.
Occupational stress is currently studied by the Job Demand/Control model of Karasek, and the Effort/Reward Imbalance model of Siegrist. In this study we have translated into Italian and validated the short form of the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) and of the Effort Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERI). The questionnaires were applied to 531 health care workers during periodical medical examinations. Estimations of internal consistency, based on the correlation among the variables comprising the set (Cronbach's alpha), in each case were satisfactory (alpha ranging from 0.76 to 0.89), with the exception of the control" scale of JCQ (alpha = 0.57). Exploratory factor analysis showed that "control" scale of JCQ, and "reward" scale of ERI could be divided into two and, respectively, three sub-scales. The Karasek's and Siegrist's models made distinct contributions to explaining perceived work stress. Both JCQ and ERI questionnaire may be useful in occupational health.
目前，职业压力是通过 Karasek 的工作需求/控制模型以及 Siegrist 的努力/回报失衡模型来进行研究的。在本研究中，我们已将工作内容问卷（JCQ）简表和努力回报失衡问卷（ERI）简表翻译成意大利语并进行了验证。这些问卷在定期体检期间应用于 531 名医护人员。基于构成该组的变量之间的相关性（Cronbach's alpha）对内部一致性进行的估计在每种情况下都令人满意（alpha 值在 0.76 至 0.89 之间），但 JCQ 的“控制”量表除外（alpha = 0.57）。探索性因素分析表明，JCQ 的“控制”量表和 ERI 的“回报”量表可分别分为两个和三个子量表。Karasek 模型和 Siegrist 模型在解释感知到的工作压力方面都做出了独特贡献。JCQ 和 ERI 问卷在职业健康方面可能都有用。
