Ahmed Ijaz, Ahmed Sohail, Nasreen Sarwat
Department of Dermatology, * Department of Psychiatry, Ziauddin University, Karachi.
J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2007 Jul-Sep;19(3):19-21.
Vitiligo affects one to four percent of the population, regardless of age, race or sex. People with this disorder may experience emotional stress, particularly if vitiligo develops on visible areas of the body, such as face, hands, arms, feet, or on the genitals. Some feel embarrassed, ashamed, depressed, or worried about how others will react. Severel indices have been used from time to time to measure the extent of psychiatric disabilty caused by skin disorders. Regarding vitiligo, not much work has been done in Pakistan. This study was aimed to determine the frequency and pattern of psychiatric disorders amongst patients with vitiligo.
This cross sectional study was conducted in the Departments of Psychiatry and Dermatology, Ziauddin University, KDLB campus, Karachi and Institute of Surgery and Medicine, Karachi from April 2004 to March 2006. Clinically diagnosed cases of vitiligo, belonging to both sexes, aged above 15 years, fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. The study was conducted in 2 stages. In the first stage, psychiatric illness was detected with the help of GHQ 12 (Urdu version), a validated tool for screening general population. In the second stage, "Psychiatric Assessment Schedule", Urdu version was administrated to every patient with high scores as per GHQ 12 to differentiate between the most frequent psychiatric disorders. All the findings were recorded, compiled and tabulated.
A total of 100 patients comprising 62 females and 38 males ranging between 15-60 years with a mean age of 24.6 years completed the study. Exposed parts of the body were involved in 64 patients while covered sites in 36. Of the patients studied, 54 were married and 46 unmarried. In accordance with the GHQ-12 screening, 42 patients were positive for psychiatric caseness comprising 26 females and 16 males, 17 patients being married. Psychiatric caseness featured in patients below 30 years of age (28 patients) and those having exposed parts of the body being involved (27 patients). On evaluation with Psychiatric Assessment Schedule (PAS), major depressive illness (15), was the most frequent psychiatric illness followed by generalized anxiety (10), mixed anxiety and depression, social phobia, agarophobia and sexual dysfunction.
Psychiatric caseness has a probable association with vitiligo, the frequency being influenced by variables of disease and life. Major depression and anxiety remain the most common psychiatric disorders in these patients.
白癜风影响着1%至4%的人口，不分年龄、种族或性别。患有这种疾病的人可能会经历情绪压力，尤其是当白癜风出现在身体的可见部位时，如面部、手部、手臂、脚部或生殖器部位。一些人会感到尴尬、羞愧、沮丧或担心他人会有何反应。人们不时使用各种指标来衡量皮肤疾病导致的精神残疾程度。关于白癜风，巴基斯坦在这方面的研究工作不多。本研究旨在确定白癜风患者中精神疾病的发生率和模式。
本横断面研究于2004年4月至2006年3月在卡拉奇齐亚丁大学KDLB校区的精神病学和皮肤科以及卡拉奇外科和医学研究所进行。纳入研究的是临床诊断为白癜风、年龄在15岁以上、符合纳入标准的男女患者。研究分两个阶段进行。第一阶段，借助GHQ 12（乌尔都语版）这一经过验证的用于筛查普通人群的工具来检测精神疾病。第二阶段，对根据GHQ 12得分较高的每位患者使用乌尔都语版的“精神评估量表”，以区分最常见的精神疾病。所有结果都进行了记录、汇总和制表。
共有100名患者完成了研究，其中62名女性，38名男性，年龄在15至60岁之间，平均年龄为24.6岁。64名患者身体的暴露部位受累，36名患者身体的遮盖部位受累。在研究的患者中，54名已婚，46名未婚。根据GHQ - 12筛查，42名患者精神疾病筛查呈阳性，其中26名女性，16名男性，17名已婚。30岁以下的患者（28名）以及身体暴露部位受累的患者（27名）出现精神疾病筛查阳性。通过精神评估量表（PAS）评估，重度抑郁症（15例）是最常见的精神疾病，其次是广泛性焦虑症（10例）、混合性焦虑和抑郁症、社交恐惧症、广场恐惧症和性功能障碍。
精神疾病筛查阳性可能与白癜风有关，其发生率受疾病和生活变量的影响。重度抑郁症和焦虑症仍然是这些患者中最常见的精神疾病。
