Alavi Moghadam M R, Mokhtarani N, Mokhtarani B
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Waste Manag. 2009 Jan;29(1):485-9. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2008.02.029. Epub 2008 Apr 29.
Pollution and health risks generated by improper solid waste management are important issues concerning environmental management in developing countries. In most cities, the use of open dumps is common for the disposal of wastes, resulting in soil and water resource contamination by leachate in addition to odors and fires. Solid waste management infrastructure and services in developing countries are far from achieving basic standards in terms of hygiene and efficient collection and disposal. This paper presents an overview of current municipal solid waste management in Rasht city, Gilan Province, Iran, and provides recommendations for system improvement. The collected data of different MSW functional elements were based on data from questionnaires, visual observations of the authors, available reports and several interviews and meetings with responsible persons. Due to an increase in population and changes in lifestyle, the quantity and quality of MSW in Rasht city has changed. Lack of resources, infrastructure, suitable planning, leadership, and public awareness are the main challenges of MSW management of Rasht city. However, the present situation of solid waste management in this city, which generates more than 400tons/d, has been improved since the establishment of an organization responsible only for solid waste management. Source separation of wastes and construction of a composting plant are the two main activities of the Rasht Municipality in recent years.
不当的固体废物管理所产生的污染和健康风险是发展中国家环境管理的重要问题。在大多数城市，露天垃圾场被普遍用于废物处理，除了产生气味和火灾外，还会导致渗滤液污染土壤和水资源。发展中国家的固体废物管理基础设施和服务在卫生以及高效收集和处理方面远未达到基本标准。本文概述了伊朗吉兰省拉什特市当前的城市固体废物管理情况，并为系统改进提供了建议。不同城市固体废物功能要素的收集数据基于问卷调查数据、作者的实地观察、现有报告以及与相关负责人的多次访谈和会议。由于人口增长和生活方式的改变，拉什特市城市固体废物的数量和质量发生了变化。资源匮乏、基础设施不足、规划不合理、领导力欠缺以及公众意识淡薄是拉什特市城市固体废物管理的主要挑战。然而，自成立专门负责固体废物管理的组织以来，这个日产生量超过400吨的城市的固体废物管理现状已有改善。废物源头分类和堆肥厂建设是拉什特市近年来的两项主要举措。
