Hattori Y, Mito Y, Watanabe M
Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
J Oral Rehabil. 2008 Jun;35(6):402-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2007.01789.x.
Although a shortened dental arch has been reported to provide sufficient subjective chewing ability, the loss of molar occlusion significantly reduces trituration ability, and may result in an impaired digestive function including delayed gastric emptying. This study investigated the effect of the experimental loss of molar occlusion on gastric emptying rate. Thirteen healthy dentate males underwent two sessions of gastric emptying rate measurement after ingestion of the same test meal that contained ham, bread and an egg mixed with carbon-labelled octanoic acid. A test food was divided into nine equal portions, and each was consumed in 60 cycles of chewing. In one of the two sessions, the subjects wore an intraoral appliance devised to simulate the occlusal conditions of the shortened dental arches. Two parameters of gastric emptying; namely, the lag phase (T(lag)) and gastric half-emptying time (T(1/2)), were evaluated by means of a (13)C-octanoic acid breath test. Following the measurement of gastric emptying in each session, masticatory performance was evaluated by a conventional sieve test. Masticatory performance decreased significantly in case of loss of molar occlusion (78.1 +/- 11.1% versus 33.4 +/- 18.2%, P <0.001); however, no significant changes were observed in terms of the gastric emptying parameters (T(lag): 99 +/- 19 versus 105 +/- 34 min; T(1/2): 168 +/- 32 versus 178 +/- 48 min). Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that reduction in food trituration caused by shortening of the dental arch does not significantly affect gastrointestinal digestive function.
尽管据报道短牙弓能提供足够的主观咀嚼能力，但磨牙咬合丧失会显著降低研磨能力，并可能导致包括胃排空延迟在内的消化功能受损。本研究调查了实验性磨牙咬合丧失对胃排空率的影响。13名健康的有牙男性在摄入含有火腿、面包和与碳标记辛酸混合的鸡蛋的相同测试餐后，进行了两阶段的胃排空率测量。一种测试食物被分成九个相等的部分，每个部分在60次咀嚼循环中食用。在两个阶段中的一个阶段，受试者佩戴一种口腔内装置，该装置被设计用来模拟短牙弓的咬合情况。通过¹³C - 辛酸呼气试验评估胃排空的两个参数，即延迟期（T(lag)）和胃半排空时间（T(1/2)）。在每个阶段测量胃排空后，通过传统的筛网试验评估咀嚼性能。在磨牙咬合丧失的情况下，咀嚼性能显著下降（78.1±11.1%对33.4±18.2%，P<0.001）；然而，在胃排空参数方面未观察到显著变化（T(lag)：99±19对105±34分钟；T(1/2)：168±32对178±48分钟）。在本研究的局限性内，得出的结论是牙弓缩短导致的食物研磨减少不会显著影响胃肠消化功能。
