Sbarra David A, Hazan Cindy
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0068, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 2008 May;12(2):141-67. doi: 10.1177/1088868308315702.
An integrative framework is proposed for understanding how multiple biological and psychological systems are regulated in the context of adult attachment relationships, dysregulated by separation and loss experiences, and, potentially, re-regulated through individual recovery efforts. Evidence is reviewed for a coregulatory model of normative attachment, defined as a pattern of interwoven physiology between romantic partners that results from the conditioning of biological reward systems and the emergence of felt security within adult pair bonds. The loss of coregulation can portend a state of biobehavioral dysregulation, ranging from diffuse psychophysiological arousal and disorganization to a full-blown (and highly organized) stress response. The major task for successful recovery is adopting a self-regulatory strategy that attenuates the dysregulating effects of the attachment disruption. Research evidence is reviewed across multiple levels of analysis, and the article concludes with a series of testable research questions on the interconnected nature of attachment, loss, and recovery processes.
本文提出了一个综合框架，以理解多个生物和心理系统在成人依恋关系背景下是如何被调节的，如何因分离和丧失经历而失调，以及潜在地如何通过个体的恢复努力而重新得到调节。文中回顾了规范性依恋的共同调节模型的证据，该模型被定义为浪漫伴侣之间相互交织的生理模式，它源于生物奖励系统的条件作用以及成人伴侣关系中安全感的出现。共同调节的丧失可能预示着一种生物行为失调的状态，范围从弥漫性的心理生理唤醒和紊乱到全面（且高度有组织）的应激反应。成功恢复的主要任务是采用一种自我调节策略，以减轻依恋中断的失调影响。本文在多个分析层面回顾了研究证据，文章最后提出了一系列关于依恋、丧失和恢复过程相互联系本质的可检验研究问题。
