Cocoman A, Murray J
Department of Nursing Studies, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland.
J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2008 Jun;15(5):424-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2007.01236.x.
This paper reviews practice in the area of intramuscular (IM) injection administration, an everyday activity for many nurses in clinical practice. The authors address administration of neuroleptic depot drugs within the adult mental health environment and examine the evidence base for this practice. A historical overview of injection practices and use of the dorsogluteal site is given, followed by more contemporary evidence on the benefits of using the ventrogluteal, deltoid and thigh sites. The authors point out that despite being a very commonplace nursing activity, there is a dearth of research-based guidelines for nurses in this area. A quantity of published papers and nursing texts on injection sites and techniques were assessed to evaluate their quality and relevance and their overall benefit to improving clinical practice. Much of the literature available was in the form of opinion pieces without a sound research/evidence base. There appears, however, to be enough consensual evidence to form an evidence-based clinical guideline for the administration of IM injections. The review of the available evidence, albeit at times contradictory, is presented along with a discussion of the implications for nurses.
本文回顾了肌内注射给药领域的实践情况，这是许多护士在临床实践中的日常工作。作者探讨了在成人心理健康环境中长效抗精神病药物的给药情况，并审视了这一实践的证据基础。文中给出了注射实践及臀大肌部位使用情况的历史概述，随后是关于使用臀中肌、三角肌和大腿部位益处的更多当代证据。作者指出，尽管这是一项非常常见的护理活动，但该领域针对护士的循证指南却很匮乏。对大量关于注射部位和技术的已发表论文及护理文本进行了评估，以评价其质量、相关性以及对改善临床实践的整体益处。现有许多文献都是观点类文章，缺乏可靠的研究/证据基础。然而，似乎有足够的共识性证据来形成肌内注射给药的循证临床指南。本文呈现了对现有证据的综述（尽管有时相互矛盾），并讨论了其对护士的影响。
