Wynaden Dianne, Tohotoa Jenny, Al Omari Omar, Happell Brenda, Heslop Karen, Barr Lesley, Sourinathan Vijay
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Curtin University, GPO Box U 1987, Perth, Western Australia 6945, Australia.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Jerash University, Amman, Irbid International Street, 26150 Jerash, Jordan.
Nurse Educ Today. 2015 Apr;35(4):620-4. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2014.12.008. Epub 2014 Dec 20.
Increasingly, mental health nurses are expected to base their clinical practice on evidence based knowledge and many of the practice traditions that have passed between generations of nurses must now be examined within this scientific context. Since 2000, there has been an increasing debate on what is best practice for the administration of intramuscular injections particularly in relation to site selection, needle size and technique. Weight gain associated with second generation long acting antipsychotics influences the site and needle size for effective medication delivery.
To determine intramuscular injecting practice choices made by nurses working in the mental health setting in 2006 compared to those made by a similar group of nurses in 2012.
A descriptive cross sectional study conducted across two time points: 2006 (93 participants) and 2012 (245 participants) utilising the same questionnaire designed to measure nurses' intramuscular injecting practice choices.
Data were analysed using SPSS version 20 package. Six statistically significant practice changes were recorded related to needle size, site selection and the use of the Z-tracking technique. A continued higher usage of the dorsogluteal site was also reported in 2012 contrary to the recommendations in the current research for the ventrogluteal site.
Whilst some practice changes occurred, translation of research into evidenced based practice is challenging and definitive best practice in the administration of intramuscular injections remains unclear. Education and randomised controlled trials are needed to provide the evidence to ensure the delivery of safe and effective intramuscular injecting practice.
心理健康护士越来越需要将临床实践建立在循证知识的基础上，许多代代相传的护理实践传统现在必须在这一科学背景下进行审视。自2000年以来，关于肌内注射给药的最佳实践，尤其是在注射部位选择、针头尺寸和技术方面，一直存在越来越多的争论。与第二代长效抗精神病药物相关的体重增加会影响有效给药的注射部位和针头尺寸。
确定2006年心理健康机构护士与2012年类似护士群体在肌内注射实践中的选择。
在两个时间点进行描述性横断面研究：2006年（93名参与者）和2012年（245名参与者），使用相同的问卷来测量护士的肌内注射实践选择。
使用SPSS 20版软件包对数据进行分析。记录到与针头尺寸、注射部位选择和Z形跟踪技术使用相关的六项具有统计学意义的实践变化。2012年还报告了臀大肌部位的使用率持续较高，这与当前研究中对臀中肌部位的建议相反。
虽然发生了一些实践变化，但将研究转化为循证实践具有挑战性，肌内注射给药的确切最佳实践仍不明确。需要开展教育和随机对照试验来提供证据，以确保安全有效的肌内注射实践。
