Gulnar Emel, Ordu Yadigar, Biyik Bayram Sule, Çalışkan Nurcan
Associate Professor, RN, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
Lecturer, RN, Eldivan Health Services Vocational School, Cankiri Karatekin University, Cankiri, Turkey.
J Res Nurs. 2023 May;28(3):181-196. doi: 10.1177/17449871231155769. Epub 2023 Apr 30.
Nurses often administer intramuscular injections at the gluteal site. This study aimed to determine gluteal muscle and subcutaneous tissue thicknesses in adults.
Systematic review and meta-analysis. The databases Turkish Medline, Ulakbim, National Thesis Center, Cochrane, Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, CINAHL Plus with Full text (EBSCO host), OVID and SCOPUS were screened using the keywords 'intramuscular injection', 'subcutaneous tissue thickness', 'muscle tissue thickness' and 'needle length' between April and May 2021. The studies were evaluated with ultrasound. This study was reported according to the PRISMA recommendations.
Six studies met the eligibility criteria. The total sample size was 734 (women: 432, men: 302). The V method revealed that the ventrogluteal site had a muscle and subcutaneous tissue thickness of 38.071 ± 2.119 and 19.927 ± 2.493 mm, respectively. The geometric method revealed that the ventrogluteal site had a muscle and subcutaneous tissue thickness of 35.989 ± 4.190 and 19.661 ± 3.992 mm, respectively. The geometric method also revealed that the dorsogluteal site had a thickness of 42.560 ± 8.840 mm. According to the V method, females had thicker subcutaneous tissue at the ventrogluteal site than males ( = 5.37, df = 1, = 0.0204). Body mass index did not affect the subcutaneous tissue thicknesses at the ventrogluteal site.
The results show that gluteal muscle, subcutaneous and total tissue thicknesses vary across injection sites.
护士经常在臀肌部位进行肌肉注射。本研究旨在确定成年人的臀肌和皮下组织厚度。
系统评价和荟萃分析。于2021年4月至5月期间，使用关键词“肌肉注射”“皮下组织厚度”“肌肉组织厚度”和“针头长度”对土耳其医学数据库、Ulakbim、国家论文中心、Cochrane、科学网、科学直投、PubMed、CINAHL Plus全文数据库（EBSCO主机）、OVID和SCOPUS进行筛选。采用超声对研究进行评估。本研究按照PRISMA建议进行报告。
六项研究符合纳入标准。总样本量为734例（女性：432例，男性：302例）。V法显示，臀中肌部位的肌肉和皮下组织厚度分别为38.071±2.119毫米和19.927±2.493毫米。几何法显示，臀中肌部位的肌肉和皮下组织厚度分别为35.989±4.190毫米和19.661±3.992毫米。几何法还显示，臀大肌部位的厚度为42.560±8.840毫米。根据V法，女性臀中肌部位的皮下组织比男性厚（t = 5.37，自由度 = 1，P = 0.0204）。体重指数不影响臀中肌部位的皮下组织厚度。
结果表明，不同注射部位的臀肌、皮下组织和总组织厚度存在差异。
