Smith C, Smith H, Seaton R A, Fox R
Infectious Diseases Department, Brownlee Centre, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, UK.
HIV Med. 2008 Jul;9(6):436-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2008.00575.x. Epub 2008 May 4.
Schistosomiasis is a highly prevalent parasitic infection causing significant morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Infection is asymptomatic for many years. Long-term complications such as portal hypertension and bladder cancer can be prevented by treatment with praziquantel.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis in HIV-infected African patients attending our department.
From March 2005, all patients of African origin attending our HIV clinics were tested for schistosomal antibodies using a peroxidase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Stool and urine specimens from seropositive patients were examined for ova. All seropositive patients were offered treatment with praziquantel.
Of 122 patients tested, 21 (17%) were ELISA positive for schistosomiasis. Ova were found in stools from four patients and on a cervical smear in one patient. There were no significant differences between infected and uninfected patients other than the presence of eosinophilia (48 vs. 6%; P<0.001), and 17 seropositive patients were treated with praziquantel.
The seroprevalence of schistosomiasis in HIV-infected patients of African origin in the UK is high. We recommend that screening for schistosomiasis should be offered to these patients and those found to be positive treated with praziquantel.
血吸虫病是一种高度流行的寄生虫感染，在撒哈拉以南非洲地区导致严重的发病和死亡。感染多年内可无症状。通过吡喹酮治疗可预防诸如门静脉高压和膀胱癌等长期并发症。
本研究旨在确定在我院就诊的感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的非洲患者中血吸虫病的患病率。
自2005年3月起，所有到我院HIV门诊就诊的非洲裔患者均采用过氧化物酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测血吸虫抗体。对血清学阳性患者的粪便和尿液标本进行虫卵检查。所有血清学阳性患者均接受吡喹酮治疗。
在122例接受检测的患者中，21例（17%）ELISA检测血吸虫病呈阳性。在4例患者的粪便中及1例患者的宫颈涂片上发现虫卵。除嗜酸性粒细胞增多情况外（48%对6%；P<0.001），感染患者与未感染患者之间无显著差异，17例血清学阳性患者接受了吡喹酮治疗。
在英国，感染HIV的非洲裔患者中血吸虫病的血清学患病率较高。我们建议对这些患者进行血吸虫病筛查，对检测呈阳性者采用吡喹酮治疗。
