Basha Hirut, Debella Asfaw, Endale Milkyas, Debebe Eyob, Mathewos Meharu, Biftu Tesfaye, Mamo Hassen
Traditional and Modern Medicine Research and Development Directorate, Armauer Hansen Research Institute, PO Box 1005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Biomedical Engineering, 503 Cantor Trail, Cherry Hill, New Jersey 08002, USA.
J Parasitol Res. 2024 Nov 25;2024:7968654. doi: 10.1155/japr/7968654. eCollection 2024.
: Schistosomiasis continues to be a major public health concern in Ethiopia. Eliminating the intermediate host snails is an effective and cost-efficient strategy for preventing and controlling schistosomiasis transmission. However, chemical molluscicides have limitations due to their toxicity to nontarget aquatic organisms, environmental concerns, and the development of resistance. Plant-based molluscicides are biodegradable, less toxic, safe, and cost-effective. : This study is aimed at evaluating the molluscicidal activity of flowers, fruits, and roots against and species. : Adult and species were subjected to varying concentrations of aqueous and 70% ethanol extracts and solvent partitions from , , and for 24, 48, and 72 h. The investigation involved conducting a phytochemical analysis using standard screening methods. Female mice were subjected to an acute oral toxicity test using a 70% ethanol extract of , , and . The mortality data were then determined using GraphPad Prism 9 software. : Aqueous and 70% ethanol extracts of and did not exhibit molluscicidal activities against and species. However, aqueous, 70% ethanol, and chloroform extracts of showed significant molluscicidal activities against species with 24-h LC values of 39.05, 11.93, and 5.52 mg/L, respectively. Similarly, the LC values of the same extracts against species after 24 h of exposure were 40.08, 12.23, and 6.13 mg/L, respectively. The plant extract's LD for acute toxicity against mice was found to be over 2000 mg/kg of body weight. : demonstrated potent molluscicidal activity, making it a potential candidate for application. Further isolation of active ingredients and field trials are necessary to determine the optimal conditions for its use in snail control.
血吸虫病仍然是埃塞俄比亚一个主要的公共卫生问题。消灭中间宿主蜗牛是预防和控制血吸虫病传播的一种有效且具有成本效益的策略。然而，化学杀螺剂由于对非目标水生生物有毒性、存在环境问题以及产生抗药性而具有局限性。植物源杀螺剂具有可生物降解、毒性较小、安全且成本效益高的特点。本研究旨在评估[植物名称]的花、果实和根对[蜗牛种类1]和[蜗牛种类2]的杀螺活性。将成年的[蜗牛种类1]和[蜗牛种类2]置于来自[植物名称]花、果实和根的不同浓度的水提取物、70%乙醇提取物及溶剂分配物中，处理24、48和72小时。该研究包括使用标准筛选方法进行植物化学分析。使用[植物名称]花、果实和根的70%乙醇提取物对雌性小鼠进行急性口服毒性试验。然后使用GraphPad Prism 9软件确定死亡率数据。[植物名称]花和果实的水提取物及70%乙醇提取物对[蜗牛种类1]和[蜗牛种类2]未表现出杀螺活性。然而，[植物名称]根的水提取物、70%乙醇提取物和氯仿提取物对[蜗牛种类1]表现出显著的杀螺活性，24小时的半数致死浓度（LC）值分别为39.05、11.93和5.52毫克/升。同样，相同提取物在暴露24小时后对[蜗牛种类2]的LC值分别为40.08、12.23和6.13毫克/升。发现该植物提取物对小鼠急性毒性的半数致死量（LD）超过200毫克/千克体重。[植物名称]表现出强大的杀螺活性，使其成为潜在的应用候选物。进一步分离活性成分和进行田间试验对于确定其在蜗牛控制中的最佳使用条件是必要的。
