Nyqvist K H
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Acta Paediatr. 2008 Jun;97(6):776-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2008.00810.x.
To explore the development of breastfeeding capacity in very preterm infants, as an immature sucking behaviour is often mentioned as a barrier in the establishment of breastfeeding in these infants.
A prospective descriptive design study in which mothers of 15 infants, born at gestational ages between 26 and 31 weeks, used the Preterm Infant Breastfeeding Behaviour Scale for daily assessments of their infants' oral motor behaviour in hospital. Semi-demand feeding with prescription of a total daily volume of milk was practiced during the transition from scheduled to demand feeding.
Breastfeeding was initiated from a postmenstrual age (PMA) of 29 weeks. Obvious rooting, efficient areolar grasp, and repeated short sucking bursts were noted from 29 weeks, and occasional long sucking bursts and repeated swallowing from 31 weeks. The maximum number of consecutive sucks was limited to between 5 and 24 sucks, with a median of 17. Full breastfeeding was attained at a median of 35 weeks, between 32 and 38 weeks. The infants' weight gain when fully breastfed was adequate.
Very preterm infants have the capacity for early development of oral motor competence that it sufficient for establishment of full breastfeeding at a low postmenstrual age.
探讨极早产儿母乳喂养能力的发展情况，因为不成熟的吸吮行为常被认为是这些婴儿建立母乳喂养的障碍。
一项前瞻性描述性设计研究，15名孕龄在26至31周之间出生的婴儿的母亲，使用早产儿母乳喂养行为量表对其婴儿在医院的口腔运动行为进行每日评估。在从定时喂养过渡到按需喂养期间，实行半按需喂养并规定每日总奶量。
从月经龄（PMA）29周开始进行母乳喂养。29周时可观察到明显的觅食反射、有效的乳晕抓握以及反复的短吸吮动作，31周时出现偶尔的长吸吮动作和反复吞咽。连续吸吮的最大次数限制在5至24次之间，中位数为17次。在32至38周之间中位数为35周时实现了完全母乳喂养。完全母乳喂养时婴儿的体重增加情况良好。
极早产儿具有早期发展口腔运动能力的潜力，这种能力足以在较低的月经龄时建立完全母乳喂养。
