Funkquist Eva-Lotta, Tuvemo Torsten, Jonsson Björn, Serenius Fredrik, Nyqvist Kerstin Hedberg
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
Adv Neonatal Care. 2010 Feb;10(1):33-9. doi: 10.1097/ANC.0b013e3181cbf910.
Swedish hospitals apply various regimens for preterm infants' nutrition in connection with their mothers' establishment of breastfeeding. Milk intake is assessed either by test weighing before and after breastfeeding or by observing the infant's suckling behavior (ie, clinical indices). These differing policies may lead to differences in infants' feeding progress. The purpose of this study was to compare effects on breastfeeding and weight gain of preterm infants, depending on whether the volume of breast milk intake when suckled in the hospital was estimated by "clinical indices" or determined by test weighing.
Sixty-four infants treated at a unit applying test weighing were compared with 59 infants treated at a unit assessing milk intake by "clinical indices."
A retrospective, descriptive, and comparative design was used to explore the consequences of different nutrition regimens. Data were obtained from a review of hospital medical records.
The infants treated at the hospital where test weighing was practiced attained exclusive breastfeeding at an earlier postmenstrual age (PMA) and were also discharged at an earlier PMA. However, the 2 study units were alike regarding the proportion of infants attaining exclusive breastfeeding, the postnatal age when this occurred, and the weight pattern in hospital.
To establish breastfeeding in preterm infants, test weighing before and after breastfeeding and gradual reduction of supplementation are both applicable regimens. Mothers can be encouraged to choose either of them, although test weighing may help infants attain exclusive breastfeeding at an earlier PMA.
瑞典医院在早产儿母亲开始母乳喂养时采用多种营养方案。通过母乳喂养前后的试重或观察婴儿的吸吮行为（即临床指标）来评估奶量摄入。这些不同的政策可能导致婴儿喂养进程的差异。本研究的目的是比较根据医院内吸吮时母乳摄入量是通过“临床指标”估算还是通过试重确定，对早产儿母乳喂养和体重增加的影响。
将在采用试重的科室接受治疗的64名婴儿与在通过“临床指标”评估奶量摄入的科室接受治疗的59名婴儿进行比较。
采用回顾性、描述性和比较性设计来探究不同营养方案的后果。数据通过查阅医院病历获得。
在采用试重的医院接受治疗的婴儿在更早的月经后年龄（PMA）实现了纯母乳喂养，并且也在更早的PMA出院。然而，两个研究科室在实现纯母乳喂养的婴儿比例、发生纯母乳喂养时的出生后年龄以及住院期间的体重模式方面相似。
为使早产儿建立母乳喂养，母乳喂养前后的试重和逐渐减少补充喂养都是适用的方案。可以鼓励母亲选择其中任何一种，尽管试重可能有助于婴儿在更早的PMA实现纯母乳喂养。
