对转基因技术的反对：意识形态、利益与集体行动框架

Opposition to transgenic technologies: ideology, interests and collective action frames.

作者信息

Herring Ronald J

机构信息

Department of Government, Cornell University, White Hall 313, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.

出版信息

Nat Rev Genet. 2008 Jun;9(6):458-63. doi: 10.1038/nrg2338.

DOI:10.1038/nrg2338

PMID:18487989

Abstract

Genetic engineering has enabled significant, accepted innovations in medicine and other fields. In agriculture, however, a global cognitive divide around 'genetically modified organisms' (GMOs) has limited the diffusion and scope of this technology. The framing of agricultural products of recombinant DNA technology as GMOs lacks biological coherence, but has proved to be a powerful frame for opposition. Disaggregating the concept of the 'GMO' is a necessary condition for confronting misconceptions that constrain the use of biotechnology in addressing imperatives of development and escalating challenges from nature, especially in less-industrialized nations.

摘要

基因工程已在医学和其他领域带来了重大且被广泛接受的创新。然而，在农业领域，围绕“转基因生物”（GMOs）存在的全球认知分歧限制了这项技术的推广和应用范围。将重组DNA技术的农产品界定为转基因生物缺乏生物学上的连贯性，但事实证明这是一个强有力的反对框架。拆解“转基因生物”的概念是消除误解的必要条件，这些误解限制了生物技术在应对发展需求和日益严峻的自然挑战方面的应用，尤其是在工业化程度较低的国家。