Salthouse Timothy A, Pink Jeffrey E
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4400, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2008 Apr;15(2):364-71. doi: 10.3758/pbr.15.2.364.
Nearly 1,000 adults performed a battery of cognitive tests and working memory tasks requiring simultaneous storage and processing of information. Because the amount of to-be-remembered information, or set size, varied randomly across trials, the relation between fluid intelligence and working memory could be examined across different levels of complexity and across successive trials in the working memory tasks. Strong influences of fluid intelligence were apparent in the simplest versions and on the initial trials in the working memory tasks, which suggests that the relation between working memory and fluid intelligence is not dependent on the amount of information that must be maintained, or on processes that occur over the course of performing the tasks.
近1000名成年人进行了一系列认知测试和工作记忆任务，这些任务需要同时存储和处理信息。由于每次试验中需要记忆的信息量（即组块大小）是随机变化的，因此可以在工作记忆任务的不同复杂程度和连续试验中考察流体智力与工作记忆之间的关系。在工作记忆任务最简单的版本以及初始试验中，流体智力的强烈影响很明显，这表明工作记忆与流体智力之间的关系并不取决于必须保持的信息量，也不取决于执行任务过程中发生的过程。
