记忆控制的个体差异分析
An individual differences analysis of memory control.
作者信息
Salthouse Timothy A, Siedlecki Karen L, Krueger Lacy E
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
出版信息
J Mem Lang. 2006 Jul 1;55(1). doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2006.03.006.
Performance on a wide variety of memory tasks can be hypothesized to be influenced by processes associated with controlling the contents of memory. In this project 328 adults ranging from 18 to 93 years of age performed six tasks (e.g., multiple trial recall with an interpolated interference list, directed forgetting, proactive interference, and retrieval inhibition) postulated to yield measures of the effectiveness of memory control. Although most of the patterns from earlier studies were replicated, only a few of the measures of memory control were reliable at the level of individual differences. Furthermore, the memory control measures had very weak relations with the age of the participant. Analyses examining the relations between established cognitive abilities and variables from the experimental tasks revealed that most of the variables were related only to episodic memory ability.
可以假设，在各种记忆任务中的表现会受到与控制记忆内容相关的过程的影响。在这个项目中，328名年龄在18岁至93岁之间的成年人完成了六项任务（例如，带有插入干扰列表的多次试验回忆、定向遗忘、前摄干扰和提取抑制），这些任务被假定用于衡量记忆控制的有效性。尽管早期研究中的大多数模式都得到了重复，但只有少数记忆控制指标在个体差异层面是可靠的。此外，记忆控制指标与参与者的年龄之间的关系非常微弱。对既定认知能力与实验任务变量之间关系的分析表明，大多数变量仅与情景记忆能力有关。
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