Perman Jay A, Young Thomas L, Stines Elsie, Hamon Julane, Turner Lisa M, Rowe Melinda G
University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA.
J Ky Med Assoc. 2008 Mar;106(3):104-8.
In partnership with community agencies and organizations, University of Kentucky College of Medicine (UKCOM) launched an after-school program focusing on creating healthy, active lifestyles for students at a Lexington elementary school. Chosen for the underserved population of children it cares for, the school exhibits all of the national risk factors for obesity: low-income families (57% of annual household incomes less than $10,000); minority population (80% of the children African-American or Hispanic); and located in an unsafe neighborhood for outdoor physical activity. These demographics resulted in a school population that had body mass index (BMI) demographics of 48.8% overweight (BMI >85%), including 30.7% obese (BMI >95%), in contrast with the national average of 16% obese.
Targeting the school's children with a BMI >85th percentile, an after-school program was created. The students met twice a week for 90-minute sessions of fun physical activities, proper nutritional information, as well as small group sessions with pediatric psychiatry residents focusing on good choices and proper motivations in life. Universal school interventions were also instituted in an attempt to reach the entire school population.
Initial findings after the first year of the program indicated a slowing in the average rate of weight gain by the targeted population. While the results, compared to accessible data in a school population with similar demographics, did not reach statistical significance, the trends were in the desired direction. A statistically significant difference (p=0.027) was observed in mean BMI percentile for the universal school population versus the comparison school.
School-based prevention and intervention conducted by a coalition of community agencies and organizations is a promising and cost-effective approach to curtailing childhood obesity.
肯塔基大学医学院（UKCOM）与社区机构和组织合作，在列克星敦的一所小学开展了一项课后项目，重点是为学生创造健康、积极的生活方式。该学校因所照顾的儿童群体服务不足而被选中，呈现出所有全国性的肥胖风险因素：低收入家庭（57%的家庭年收入低于10000美元）；少数族裔人口（80%的儿童为非裔美国人或西班牙裔）；且位于户外体育活动不安全的社区。这些人口统计学特征导致该校学生的体重指数（BMI）数据为48.8%超重（BMI>85%），其中30.7%肥胖（BMI>95%），而全国肥胖平均水平为16%。
针对BMI高于第85百分位的该校儿童，创建了一个课后项目。学生们每周见面两次，每次进行90分钟的有趣体育活动、获取适当的营养信息，以及与儿科精神病学住院医生进行小组讨论，重点是生活中的正确选择和适当动机。还实施了全校性的干预措施，试图覆盖全体学生。
该项目第一年的初步结果表明，目标人群的平均体重增加速度有所放缓。虽然与具有相似人口统计学特征的学校人群的可获取数据相比，结果未达到统计学显著性，但趋势是朝着期望的方向发展。在全校学生与对照学校的平均BMI百分位数方面观察到具有统计学显著性差异（p = 0.027）。
由社区机构和组织联盟开展的基于学校的预防和干预是减少儿童肥胖的一种有前景且具有成本效益的方法。
