Helton William S, Warm Joel S
Department of Psychology, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2008 Sep;129(1):18-25. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2008.04.002. Epub 2008 May 21.
The present study was designed to explore whether sustained attention tasks can be adequately described by a mindlessness perspective or a limited resource perspective. One hundred and seventy six participants (88 women and 88 men) were assigned at random to one of two signal salience conditions: high and low. Performance and self-reported states, Energetic Arousal, Tense Arousal, Task-Related-Thoughts, and Task-Unrelated-Thoughts, were collected. Overall performance efficiency and the rate of the vigilance decrement were influenced by the salience level of the signal being observed. Post-task self-reports of Task-Unrelated-Thoughts were significantly related to overall performance efficiency, but not with the vigilance decrement. Post-task self-reports of Energetic Arousal were significantly related to both overall performance and the vigilance decrement. The results support a resource theory perspective in regards to the vigilance decrement and are in contradiction to the mindlessness theory in regards to the vigilance decrement.
本研究旨在探讨持续注意力任务是否能通过无意识视角或有限资源视角得到充分描述。176名参与者（88名女性和88名男性）被随机分配到两种信号显著性条件之一：高和低。收集了表现和自我报告的状态，包括精力充沛的唤醒、紧张的唤醒、与任务相关的想法和与任务无关的想法。总体表现效率和警觉性下降率受所观察信号的显著性水平影响。任务后与任务无关想法的自我报告与总体表现效率显著相关，但与警觉性下降无关。任务后精力充沛唤醒的自我报告与总体表现和警觉性下降均显著相关。结果支持了关于警觉性下降的资源理论视角，并且与关于警觉性下降的无意识理论相矛盾。
