Wu Chang-Hong, Zhao Yun-Di, Yin Fu-Qiang, Yi Yang, Geng Lu, Xu Xia
School of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China.
School of Future Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2024 Nov 24;14(12):1125. doi: 10.3390/bs14121125.
Mental fatigue is an important factor affecting athletes' performance. Explaining the effects of mental fatigue on sports performance from a theoretical point of view can help us deeply understand the interconnection between mental fatigue and sports performance and conduct effective interventions based on this. Combining the relevant literature in China and abroad reveals that the current academic theories on the mechanism of sports fatigue include motivational control theory, underload theory, neural waste disposal hypothesis, and resource depletion theory. The effects of mental fatigue on performance are reflected in aerobic endurance, sports decision-making, tactical performance, and technical performance. Current coping strategies for mental fatigue include physiological coping strategies based on nutrition (caffeine), odor, and noninvasive neuromodulation techniques and psychological and behavioral coping strategies based on music and positive thinking.
心理疲劳是影响运动员表现的一个重要因素。从理论角度解释心理疲劳对运动表现的影响，有助于我们深入理解心理疲劳与运动表现之间的相互联系，并据此进行有效的干预。综合国内外相关文献发现，目前关于运动疲劳机制的学术理论包括动机控制理论、负荷不足理论、神经废物处理假说和资源耗竭理论。心理疲劳对表现的影响体现在有氧耐力、运动决策、战术表现和技术表现等方面。当前应对心理疲劳的策略包括基于营养（咖啡因）、气味和非侵入性神经调节技术的生理应对策略，以及基于音乐和积极思维的心理和行为应对策略。
