Ishibashi Hiroshi, Iwata Hisato, Kim Eun-Young, Tao Lin, Kannan Kurunthachalam, Amano Masao, Miyazaki Nobuyuki, Tanabe Shinsuke, Batoev Valeriy B, Petrov Evgeny A
Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan.
Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Apr 1;42(7):2295-301. doi: 10.1021/es072054f.
Concentrations of perfluorochemicals (PFCs) including perfluoroalkylsulfonates (PFSAs) and perfluoroalkylcarboxylates (PFCAs) were determined in liver and serum of Baikal seals (Pusa sibirica) collected from Lake Baikal, Russia in 2005. Among the 10 PFC compounds measured, perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA, 3.3-72 ng/g wet wt) concentrations were the highest in liver, followed by perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS, 2.6-38 ng/g). The accumulation profile of long-chain (C7-C12) PFCAs in particular, the predominance of PFNA, indicated that 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol or commercially manufactured PFNA is a major local source of PFCs in Lake Baikal. No gender-related differences in the concentrations of individual PFCs or total PFCs were found. Tissues from pups and juveniles contained relatively higher concentrations of PFCs than tissues from subadults and adults, suggesting that maternal transfer of PFCs is of critical importance. Comparison of concentrations of PFCs in livers and sera collected from the same individuals of Baikal seals revealed that residue levels of PFOS, PFNA, perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) were significantly higher in liver than in serum. The concentration ratios of PFNA and PFDA between liver and serum were calculated to be 14 and 15, respectively, whereas the ratio of PFOS was 2.4. This suggests preferential retention of both PFNA and PFDA in liver. Concentrations of PFOS, PFNA, and PFDA in liver were significantly correlated with those in serum, whereas concentrations of PFUnDA were not correlated in between the two tissues, suggesting differences in pharmacokinetics among these PFCs. Temporal comparisons of hepatic PFC concentrations in seals collected between 1992 and 2005 showed that the concentrations of PFOS (p = 0.0006), PFNA (p = 0.061) and PFDA (p = 0.017) were higher in animals collected in recentyears, indicating ongoing sources of PFC contamination in Lake Baikal.
2005年，对从俄罗斯贝加尔湖采集的贝加尔海豹（Pusa sibirica）的肝脏和血清中全氟化合物（PFCs）的浓度进行了测定，其中包括全氟烷基磺酸盐（PFSAs）和全氟烷基羧酸盐（PFCAs）。在所测定的10种PFC化合物中，全氟壬酸（PFNA，3.3 - 72 ng/g湿重）在肝脏中的浓度最高，其次是全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS，2.6 - 38 ng/g）。特别是长链（C7 - C12）PFCAs的积累情况，尤其是PFNA占主导地位，表明8:2氟调聚物醇或商业生产的PFNA是贝加尔湖PFCs的主要本地来源。未发现个体PFCs或总PFCs浓度存在性别差异。幼崽和幼体组织中PFCs的浓度相对高于亚成体和成年个体的组织，这表明PFCs的母体转移至关重要。对从同一只贝加尔海豹采集的肝脏和血清中PFCs浓度的比较显示，PFOS、PFNA、全氟癸酸（PFDA）和全氟十一烷酸（PFUnDA）在肝脏中的残留水平显著高于血清。PFNA和PFDA在肝脏与血清之间的浓度比分别计算为14和15，而PFOS的比值为2.4。这表明PFNA和PFDA在肝脏中均有优先保留。肝脏中PFOS、PFNA和PFDA的浓度与血清中的浓度显著相关，而PFUnDA在这两种组织中的浓度不相关，这表明这些PFCs在药代动力学方面存在差异。对1992年至2005年期间采集的海豹肝脏中PFC浓度的时间比较表明，近年来采集的动物中PFOS（p = 0.0006）、PFNA（p = 0.061）和PFDA（p = 0.017）的浓度较高，这表明贝加尔湖存在持续的PFC污染来源。
