Pavio Nicole, Renou Christophe, Di Liberto Gaetana, Boutrouille Annie, Eloit Marc
UMR 1161 Virologie AFSSA LERPAZ-ENVA-INRA, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire d'Alfort, 7 Ave du General de Gaulle, 94704 Maisons-Alfort cedex, France.
Front Biosci. 2008 May 1;13:7172-83. doi: 10.2741/3219.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is responsible for large waterborne epidemics of acute hepatitis in endemic regions and for sporadic autochthonous cases in non endemic regions. Although the water vector has been thoroughly documented in endemic regions, very little is known about the modes of contamination occurring in non endemic regions. Unlike the other hepatitis viruses, HEV has an animal reservoir. Several lines of evidence, such as the results of phylogenic analysis and studies on direct contamination via infected food products, have suggested that some cases of animal to human transmission occur. However, all the possible sources of human contamination in non endemic areas have not yet been defined, and this point needs to be investigated. The high genetic variability of HEV, which might be an important factor, involved in zoonotic contamination processes, also needs a surveillance plan.
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）在流行地区引发大规模水源性急性肝炎疫情，在非流行地区则导致散发性本地病例。尽管在流行地区水传播媒介已有详尽记录，但对于非流行地区的污染方式却知之甚少。与其他肝炎病毒不同，HEV有动物宿主。系统发育分析结果以及通过受感染食品直接污染的研究等多项证据表明，存在一些动物向人类传播的病例。然而，非流行地区人类污染的所有可能来源尚未明确，这一点需要进行调查。HEV的高遗传变异性可能是人畜共患污染过程中的一个重要因素，这也需要一个监测计划。
