Pavio N, Renou C, Boutrouille A, Eloit M
UMR1161 Virologie Afssa, Enva, Inra, École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, 7, avenue du Général-de-Gaulle, 94704 Maisons-Alfort Cedex.
Unité d'hépatogastroentérologie, CHG Hyères, avenue du Maréchal-Juin, 83400 Hyères.
Virologie (Montrouge). 2006 Oct 1;10(5):341-351. doi: 10.1684/vir.2011.6721.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is responsible for large waterborne epidemics of acute hepatitis in endemic regions and for autochthonous sporadic cases in non endemic regions. In contrast to endemic regions where the water vector has been well characterised, very little is known about the way of contamination in non endemic regions. Unlike the other hepatitis viruses, HEV has an animal reservoir. Several lines of evidence, such as phylogenic analysis and direct contamination through infected food products, suggest that animal to human transmissions occur. Despite these observations, all origins of possible human contamination in non endemic areas remain unknown and need to be investi- gated. The high genetic variability of HEV might also be an important risk factor for human contamination and need further survey.
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）在流行地区引发大规模经水传播的急性肝炎疫情，在非流行地区则导致本地散发病例。与水传播媒介已得到充分研究的流行地区不同，对于非流行地区的污染途径了解甚少。与其他肝炎病毒不同，HEV有动物宿主。系统发育分析以及通过受感染食品直接污染等多条证据表明存在动物传人现象。尽管有这些观察结果，但非流行地区人类可能受到污染的所有源头仍不明确，需要进行调查。HEV的高遗传变异性也可能是人类感染的一个重要风险因素，需要进一步研究。
