Henning Jolene M, Weidner Thomas G
Department of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, USA.
J Athl Train. 2008 May-Jun;43(3):275-83. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-43.3.275.
Certified athletic trainers who serve as Approved Clinical Instructors (ACIs) in the collegiate setting are balancing various roles (eg, patient care and related administrative tasks, clinical education). Whether this balancing act is associated with role strain in athletic trainers has not been examined.
To examine the degree of, and contributing factors (eg, socialization experiences, professional and employment demographics, job congruency) to, role strain in collegiate ACIs.
Cross-sectional survey design.
Geographically stratified random sample of ACIs affiliated with accredited athletic training education programs at National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I, II, and III institutions.
118 collegiate ACIs (47 head athletic trainers, 45 assistant athletic trainers, 26 graduate assistant athletic trainers).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The Athletic Training ACI Role Strain Inventory, which measures total degree of role strain, 7 subscales of role strain, socialization experiences, professional and employment characteristics, and congruency in job responsibilities.
A total of 49% (n = 58) of the participants experienced a moderate to high degree of role strain. Role Overload was the highest contributing subscale to total role strain. No differences were noted between total role strain and role occupant groups, NCAA division, or sex. Graduate assistant athletic trainers experienced a greater degree of role incompetence than head athletic trainers did (P = .001). Division II ACIs reported a greater degree of inter-role conflict than those in Division I (P = .02). Female ACIs reported a greater degree of role incompetence than male ACIs (P = .01). Those ACIs who stated that the ACI training provided by their institution did not adequately prepare them for the role as an ACI experienced greater role strain (P < .001).
The ACIs in the collegiate setting are experiencing role strain in balancing their roles as health care providers, clinical educators, and administrators. Methods to reduce role strain need to be considered.
在大学环境中担任认可临床指导教师（ACI）的认证运动训练师要平衡多种角色（如患者护理及相关行政任务、临床教育）。但这种角色平衡行为是否与运动训练师的角色压力相关尚未得到研究。
研究大学认可临床指导教师角色压力的程度及影响因素（如社会化经历、专业和就业人口统计学特征、工作契合度）。
横断面调查设计。
来自美国国家大学体育协会（NCAA）一级、二级和三级机构中与认可的运动训练教育项目相关的认可临床指导教师的地理分层随机样本。
118名大学认可临床指导教师（47名首席运动训练师、45名助理运动训练师、26名研究生助理运动训练师）。
运动训练认可临床指导教师角色压力量表，该量表测量角色压力的总程度、7个角色压力子量表、社会化经历、专业和就业特征以及工作职责的契合度。
共有49%（n = 58）的参与者经历了中度至高度的角色压力。角色过载是导致总角色压力的最大贡献子量表。在总角色压力与角色承担者群体、NCAA分区或性别之间未发现差异。研究生助理运动训练师比首席运动训练师经历了更高程度的角色不胜任（P = .001）。二级认可临床指导教师报告的角色间冲突程度高于一级（P = .02）。女性认可临床指导教师报告的角色不胜任程度高于男性认可临床指导教师（P = .01）。那些表示其所在机构提供的认可临床指导教师培训没有使其充分准备好担任认可临床指导教师角色的认可临床指导教师经历了更大的角色压力（P < .001）。
大学环境中的认可临床指导教师在平衡其作为医疗保健提供者、临床教育者和管理人员的角色时正经历角色压力。需要考虑减轻角色压力的方法。
