Bartrina Javier Aranceta
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Navarra, España.
Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2007 Dec;57(4):313-5.
Orthorexia is an obsessive-compulsive process characterized by extreme care for and selection of what is considered to be pure 'healthy' food. This ritual leads to a very restrictive diet and social isolation as a compensation. Orthorexics obsessively avoid foods which may contain artificial colours, flavours, preservant agents, pesticide residues or genetically modified ingredients, unhealthy fats, foods containing too much salt or too much sugar and other components. The way of preparation, kitchenware and other tools used are also part of the obsessive ritual. People with orthorexia often have a history or features in common with anorexic patients. They are very careful, detailed and tidy persons with an exagerated need for selfcare and protection. Women, adolescents and those who practice sports suchs as bodybuidling or ahthetics are the gruops at higher risk. A short test has been suggested as a screening tool and useful for early diagnosis of the disorder. Treatment of orthorexia require a multidisciplinary team involving physicians, psychoterapists and dietitians. In some cases, antiserotoninergic drugs may be required as part of the treatment.
正食癖是一种强迫性过程，其特征是对被认为是纯粹“健康”食物的极度关注和选择。这种行为模式会导致非常严格的饮食限制，并以社交隔离作为补偿。正食癖患者会强迫性地避免食用可能含有人工色素、香料、防腐剂、农药残留或转基因成分、不健康脂肪、含盐或含糖过多的食物以及其他成分的食物。食物的制备方式、使用的厨具和其他工具也是这种强迫行为模式的一部分。患有正食癖的人通常有与厌食症患者相同的病史或特征。他们非常细心、注重细节且整洁，对自我照顾和保护有着过度的需求。女性、青少年以及从事健美或竞技体育等运动的人是风险较高的群体。有人建议使用一个简短测试作为筛查工具，对该疾病的早期诊断很有用。正食癖的治疗需要一个由医生、心理治疗师和营养师组成的多学科团队。在某些情况下，可能需要使用抗血清素能药物作为治疗的一部分。
