Simonsgaard Maria, Larsen Maiken Kudahl
Roskilde Sygehus, Urologisk Afdeling.
Ugeskr Laeger. 2008 Jun 2;170(23):2023-7.
The incidence of urinary stones in Danish children is unknown. An estimate from The National Diagnosis Registry in Denmark is approximately 1:13,500. The purpose was to estimate the incidence of urinary stones and their composition in children in relation to sex, age and family history.
A retrospective review of all children presented at Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, or Roskilde Hospital from October 1999 through October 2005 with urinary tract calculi.
42 patients with an average age of 7.9 years. The sex ratio was 1.7 boys to 1 girl. 7 were of an ethnic origin other than Danish. 12, all boys, had inborn urogenital tract malformation. Two had secondary malformation and one had inborn error of metabolism. The incidence of urogenital infection was higher in children with malformation. In 26 patients, stone analysis and composition were available. 54% of the stones had a calcium component. One third of the children had a family history of urolithiasis.
Urinary tract stone is a rather difficult pediatric diagnosis. The most frequent symptom is abdominal pain. Ultrasound established the diagnosis in 50% of cases. All concrements were diagnosed with excretory urogram or computerized tomography. 30% of the children had a family history of urolithiasis. This confirms the importance of metabolic screening and stone analysis in children.
丹麦儿童尿路结石的发病率尚不清楚。丹麦国家诊断登记处的一项估计约为1:13500。目的是估计儿童尿路结石的发病率及其成分与性别、年龄和家族史的关系。
对1999年10月至2005年10月在奥胡斯大学医院斯基比分院或罗斯基勒医院就诊的所有患有尿路结石的儿童进行回顾性研究。
42例患者，平均年龄7.9岁。男女比例为1.7:1。7例为非丹麦族裔。12例（均为男孩）患有先天性泌尿生殖道畸形。2例有继发性畸形，1例有先天性代谢缺陷。畸形儿童的泌尿生殖道感染发生率较高。26例患者可进行结石分析及成分检测。54%的结石含有钙成分。三分之一的儿童有尿路结石家族史。
尿路结石是一种相当难诊断的儿科疾病。最常见的症状是腹痛。50%的病例通过超声确诊。所有结石均通过排泄性尿路造影或计算机断层扫描诊断。30%的儿童有尿路结石家族史。这证实了儿童代谢筛查和结石分析的重要性。
