Belin David, Mar Adam C, Dalley Jeffrey W, Robbins Trevor W, Everitt Barry J
Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute and Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK.
Science. 2008 Jun 6;320(5881):1352-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1158136.
Both impulsivity and novelty-seeking have been suggested to be behavioral markers of the propensity to take addictive drugs. However, their relevance for the vulnerability to compulsively seek and take drugs, which is a hallmark feature of addiction, is unknown. We report here that, whereas high reactivity to novelty predicts the propensity to initiate cocaine self-administration, high impulsivity predicts the development of addiction-like behavior in rats, including persistent or compulsive drug-taking in the face of aversive outcomes. This study shows experimental evidence that a shift from impulsivity to compulsivity occurs during the development of addictive behavior, which provides insights into the genesis and neural mechanisms of drug addiction.
冲动性和寻求新奇感都被认为是使用成瘾性药物倾向的行为标志。然而，它们与成瘾的标志性特征——强迫性寻求和使用药物的易感性之间的关联尚不清楚。我们在此报告，虽然对新奇事物的高反应性预示着开始自我注射可卡因的倾向，但高冲动性预示着大鼠成瘾样行为的发展，包括在面对厌恶结果时持续或强迫性地服药。这项研究显示了实验证据，表明在成瘾行为发展过程中会出现从冲动性到强迫性的转变，这为药物成瘾的发生及神经机制提供了见解。
